Department of Physical Therapy, Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Granada (IBIS.Granada), University of Granada (UGR), Granada, Spain.
Department of Physical Therapy, University of Granada (UGR), Granada, Spain.
Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2019 Apr;55(2):301-313. doi: 10.23736/S1973-9087.19.05524-2. Epub 2019 Jan 28.
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a chronic illness characterized by the presence of generalised musculoskeletal pain among other symptoms, which reduce the quality of life of the patient. Clinical interventions such as patient education on central pain management could lead to promising results. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effectiveness of education techniques on the main symptoms such as pain, quality of life, anxiety, functionality or catastrophization in the treatment of FM.
The bibliographic search was carried out on PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CINAHL, EMBASE, Medline, ProQuest, Cochrane Plus and PEDro databases. The quality assessment of the selected studies was carried out by means of the PEDro scale, obtaining external and internal validity scores to evaluate the generalizability and the appropriateness of design, conduction, and reporting.
The electronic search produced 2,050 articles up to February 2018. After applying the inclusion criteria, 12 articles were identified, without the presence of any RCT of high methodological quality (PEDro≤8; Internal Validity Score [PVI] ≤4). Despite the heterogeneity of the interventions, a significant reduction in the perception of the disease, the catastrophization, pain intensity and anxiety was observed.
Patient education is considered to be the first step in self-management for a patient with FM, but the scientific evidence that supports the effectiveness of education in the reduction of the main symptoms is limited. Future research designed on more solid and homogeneous interventions is required.
纤维肌痛（FM）是一种慢性疾病，其特征是存在全身性肌肉骨骼疼痛等症状，这降低了患者的生活质量。临床干预措施，如对中枢性疼痛管理的患者教育，可能会带来有前景的结果。本研究的目的是评估教育技术对主要症状（如疼痛、生活质量、焦虑、功能或灾难化）的治疗效果。
文献检索在 PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、CINAHL、EMBASE、Medline、ProQuest、Cochrane Plus 和 PEDro 数据库进行。通过 PEDro 量表对所选研究进行质量评估，获得外部和内部有效性评分，以评估设计、实施和报告的普遍性和适当性。
截至 2018 年 2 月，电子搜索产生了 2050 篇文章。在应用纳入标准后，确定了 12 篇文章，没有任何高质量的 RCT（PEDro≤8；内部有效性评分 [PVI] ≤4）。尽管干预措施存在异质性，但观察到疾病感知、灾难化、疼痛强度和焦虑显著降低。
患者教育被认为是纤维肌痛患者自我管理的第一步，但支持教育在减轻主要症状方面有效性的科学证据有限。需要设计更坚实和同质的干预措施来进行未来的研究。
