Kandel Yuba R, Bradley Carl A, Wise Kiersten A, Chilvers Martin I, Tenuta Albert U, Davis Vince M, Esker Paul D, Smith Damon L, Licht Mark A, Mueller Daren S
Department of Plant Pathology and Microbiology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011.
Department of Crop Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801.
Plant Dis. 2015 Mar;99(3):347-354. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-06-14-0577-RE.
Sudden death syndrome (SDS), caused by Fusarium virguliforme, is an important yield limiting disease of soybean. Glyphosate is used to control weeds in soybean; however, its effect on SDS is not clearly understood. The objective of this study was to examine the impact of glyphosate on SDS, yield, and plant nutrition under field conditions. Fourteen field experiments were conducted in Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Ontario, Canada during 2011 to 2013. The experiment consisted of six treatment combinations of glyphosate and herbicides not containing glyphosate. Disease index was significantly different across the location-years, ranging from 0 to 65. The highest disease was noted in locations with irrigation, indicating that high soil moisture favors development of SDS. There were no effects of herbicide treatments or interactions on disease. The foliar disease index among the treatments over all years ranged from 9 to 13. Glyphosate-treatments also tended to yield more than treatments of herbicides not containing glyphosate. There were no interactions between glyphosate-treatments and total manganese in plant tissue. The interaction of glyphosate with other nutrients in plant tissue was inconclusive. This 14 location-year study demonstrated that glyphosate application did not increase SDS severity or adversely affect soybean yield under field conditions.
由拟轮枝镰孢菌引起的猝死综合征（SDS）是大豆一种重要的限产病害。草甘膦用于控制大豆田杂草；然而，其对猝死综合征的影响尚不清楚。本研究的目的是在田间条件下考察草甘膦对猝死综合征、产量和植株营养的影响。2011年至2013年期间，在爱荷华州、伊利诺伊州、印第安纳州、密歇根州、威斯康星州以及加拿大安大略省进行了14次田间试验。试验包括草甘膦与不含草甘膦的除草剂的六种处理组合。病害指数在不同地点年份间差异显著，范围为0至65。在有灌溉的地点病害最高，表明高土壤湿度有利于猝死综合征的发生。除草剂处理或交互作用对病害没有影响。所有年份各处理间的叶部病害指数范围为9至13。草甘膦处理的产量也往往高于不含草甘膦的除草剂处理。草甘膦处理与植株组织中的总锰之间没有交互作用。草甘膦与植株组织中其他养分的交互作用尚无定论。这项涵盖14个地点年份的研究表明，在田间条件下，施用草甘膦不会增加猝死综合征的严重程度，也不会对大豆产量产生不利影响。
