基于杂波分析的跑道移动 FOD 检测 STAP。

A Clutter-Analysis-Based STAP for Moving FOD Detection on Runways.

机构信息

Graduate School, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China.

College of Electronic Sciences and Technology, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China.

出版信息

Sensors (Basel). 2019 Jan 29;19(3):549. doi: 10.3390/s19030549.

DOI:10.3390/s19030549

PMID:30699911

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6387205/

Abstract

Security risks and economic losses of civil aviation caused by Foreign Object Debris (FOD) have increased rapidly. Synthetic Aperture Radars (SARs) with high resolutions potentially have the capability to detect FODs on the runways, but the target echo is hard to be distinguished from strong clutter. This paper proposes a clutter-analysis-based Space-time Adaptive Processing (STAP) method in order to obtain effective clutter suppression and moving FOD indication, under inhomogeneous clutter background. Specifically, we first divide the radar coverage into equal scattering cells in the rectangular coordinates system rather than the polar ones. We then measure normalized RCSs within the X-band and employ the acquired results to modify the parameters of traditional models. Finally, we describe the clutter expressions as responses of the scattering cells in space and time domain to obtain the theoretical clutter covariance. Experimental results at 10 GHz show that FODs with a reflection higher than -30 dBsm can be effectively detected by a Linear Constraint Minimum Variance (LCMV) filter in azimuth when the noise is -60 dBm. It is also validated to indicate a -40 dBsm target in Doppler. Our approach can obtain effective clutter suppression 60dB deeper than the training-sample-coupled STAP under the same conditions.

摘要

由外来物损伤（FOD）导致的民用航空安全风险和经济损失迅速增加。具有高分辨率的合成孔径雷达（SAR）有可能探测到跑道上的 FOD，但目标回波很难与强杂波区分开来。为了在非均匀杂波背景下获得有效的杂波抑制和移动 FOD 指示，本文提出了一种基于杂波分析的空时自适应处理（STAP）方法。具体来说，我们首先将雷达覆盖范围在矩形坐标系中划分为相等的散射单元，而不是在极坐标系中。然后，我们在 X 波段内测量归一化 RCS，并利用获得的结果来修正传统模型的参数。最后，我们将杂波表达式描述为散射单元在空域和时域的响应，以获得理论杂波协方差。在 10GHz 下的实验结果表明，当噪声为-60dBm 时，线性约束最小方差（LCMV）滤波器在方位角上可以有效地检测到反射率高于-30dBsm 的 FOD。它也被验证可以在多普勒中指示-40dBsm 的目标。在相同条件下，与基于训练样本的 STAP 相比，我们的方法可以获得 60dB 更深的有效杂波抑制。