Ross Susan L
Department of Health Science and Recreation, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA, United States.
Front Psychol. 2019 Jan 11;9:2514. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02514. eCollection 2018.
Transformation and heroism are reciprocally related. Transformation produces an individual that others may call hero; one who inspires, guides, and protects something precious-an ordinary extraordinary person, master of the self. Heroes exhibit the further reaches of human development by transforming into entirely new, resplendent individuals that demonstrate valuable capacities whiles still being mortal. Because transformation is the means through which heroes are made, a more thorough understanding of the forces affecting transformation may advance collective understanding of the demands upon the individual. Founded on the scholarship of seminal authors of depth psychology, East Indian spirituality, anthropology, physics, mythology, Hermetic science, and other disciplines, this paper argues that a hero develops through both natural and supernatural processes, which can eventually produce a transhuman or superhero-depending on one's perspective, one who is natural (bound by nature) and supernatural (beyond nature). If this psychospiritual proposition has merit, advancement from ordinary to hero and from hero to super hero-each resulting from trans-form-ation-constitutes a subtle yet fundamental change in form, a microevolution of a subsect of individuals. The progressive framework begins with a description of patterns of evolution salient to heroism and transformation; an exploration of four key "laws" that govern the realm of matter, which support and delimit the budding hero as an earth-bound human; and an examination of four "supernatural" abilities the initiate must cultivate and enact in order to transform. The heart of the paper is a detailed guide identifying when during the process of transformation, the initiate can expect to receive the support of natural processes, when to be vigilant for beyond nature or Divine intervention, and when to intervene with "supernatural" activities. The framework culminates with an elucidation of how the ordinary yet heroic individual becomes a superhero or transhuman as outlined by spiritual teacher Sri Aurobindo, through three transformations of biopsychosocial maturation and spiritual realization.
转变与英雄主义相互关联。转变造就了一个可能被他人称为英雄的个体；一个能够激励、引导并保护珍贵事物的人——一个平凡的非凡之人，自我的主宰者。英雄通过转变为全新的、光彩照人的个体来展现人类发展的更高境界，这些个体虽终有一死，却展现出了宝贵的能力。由于转变是造就英雄的途径，更深入地理解影响转变的力量或许能促进人们对个体所面临要求的集体理解。基于深度心理学、东印度灵性学、人类学、物理学、神话学、赫密斯科学及其他学科的开创性学者的学术研究，本文认为英雄通过自然和超自然过程得以成长，最终可能成为超人类或超级英雄——这取决于个人观点，即一个受自然约束（自然的）和超越自然（超自然的）的人。如果这个心理灵性命题有价值，从平凡到英雄以及从英雄到超级英雄的进步——每一步都源于转变——构成了形式上微妙而根本的变化，即个体子集的微进化。这个渐进的框架首先描述与英雄主义和转变相关的进化模式；探索支配物质领域的四条关键“法则”，这些法则支撑并限制初出茅庐的英雄作为尘世凡人的发展；审视初出茅庐者为实现转变必须培养和践行的四种“超自然”能力。本文的核心是一份详细指南，确定在转变过程中，初出茅庐者何时可以期待获得自然过程的支持，何时要警惕超自然或神圣干预，以及何时要用“超自然”活动进行干预。该框架最后阐明了如灵性导师室利·阿罗频多所概述的，平凡而英勇的个体如何通过生物心理社会成熟和灵性觉悟的三次转变成为超级英雄或超人类。
