Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
J Appl Toxicol. 2019 Jun;39(6):908-918. doi: 10.1002/jat.3779. Epub 2019 Jan 31.
With the rapid expansion of human exposure to silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), the genotoxicity screening is critical to the biosafety evaluation of nanosilver. This study assessed DNA damage and chromosomal aberration in the human hepatoma cell line (HepG2) as well as the effects on the micronucleus of bone marrow in mice induced by 20 nm polyvinylpyrrolidone-coated nanosilver (PVP-AgNPs) and 20 nm bare nanosilver (AgNPs). Our results showed that the two types of AgNPs, in doses of 20-160 μg/mL, could cause genetic toxicological changes on HepG2 cells. The DNA damage degree of HepG2 cells in 20 nm AgNPs was higher than that in 20 nm PVP-AgNPs, while the 20 nm PVP-AgNPs caused more serious chromosomal aberration than 20 nm AgNPs. Both kinds of AgNPs caused genetic toxicity in a dose-dependent manner in HepG2 cells. In the micronucleus test on mouse bone marrow cells, in doses of 10, 50 and 250 mg/kg body weight administered orally for 28 days once a day, the two kinds of AgNPs have no obvious inhibitory effect on the mouse bone marrow cells, and the effect of chromosome aberration could be documented at the high dose of 250 mg/kg. These results suggest that AgNPs have genotoxic effects in HepG2 cells and limited effects on bone marrow in mice; both in vitro and in vivo tests could be of great importance on the evaluation of genotoxicity of nanosilver. These findings can provide useful toxicological information that can help to assess genetic toxicity of nanosilver in vitro and in vivo.
随着人类接触银纳米粒子（AgNPs）的迅速增加，对纳米银进行遗传毒性筛选对于生物安全性评估至关重要。本研究评估了 20nm 聚维酮包覆纳米银（PVP-AgNPs）和 20nm 裸纳米银（AgNPs）对人肝癌细胞系（HepG2）的 DNA 损伤和染色体畸变的影响，以及对小鼠骨髓微核的影响。结果表明，两种类型的 AgNPs（剂量为 20-160μg/ml）均可引起 HepG2 细胞遗传毒性变化。20nmAgNPs 对 HepG2 细胞的 DNA 损伤程度高于 20nmPVP-AgNPs，而 20nmPVP-AgNPs 引起的染色体畸变比 20nmAgNPs 更严重。两种 AgNPs 在 HepG2 细胞中均呈剂量依赖性引起遗传毒性。在小鼠骨髓细胞微核试验中，连续 28 天每天口服 10、50 和 250mg/kg 体重 3 种剂量，两种 AgNPs 对小鼠骨髓细胞无明显抑制作用，仅在高剂量 250mg/kg 时才出现染色体畸变作用。这些结果表明，AgNPs 在 HepG2 细胞中具有遗传毒性作用，对小鼠骨髓的作用有限；体内和体外试验均可对纳米银的遗传毒性评价具有重要意义。这些发现可为纳米银的体外和体内遗传毒性评估提供有用的毒理学信息。
