通过结构和功能神经影像学研究探讨围产期抑郁与婴儿和儿童神经发育的关系。
Examining the relationship between perinatal depression and neurodevelopment in infants and children through structural and functional neuroimaging research.
机构信息
a Department of Psychiatry , Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health , Glen Oaks , NY , USA.
b Center for Children and Families, Department of Psychology , Florida International University , Miami , FL , USA.
出版信息
Int Rev Psychiatry. 2019 May;31(3):264-279. doi: 10.1080/09540261.2018.1527759. Epub 2019 Jan 31.
Abstract
Depression is the most common perinatal psychiatric disorder, but little is known about how it may impact offspring neurodevelopment, as well as the mechanisms by which it may confer transgenerational psychiatric risk. This review presents imaging studies conducted to evaluate the relationship between perinatal depression (PND) and infant and child neurodevelopment. Altered structural and functional connectivity is implicated in children exposed to PND and anxiety. Overall, there are changes in connectivity between amygdala and the prefrontal cortex. Studies suggest decreased hippocampal growth in the first 6 months after birth, decreased cortical thickness in children, and increased amygdala volumes, that are more pronounced in female offspring. Future research is needed to understand the impact of PND on development so that early interventions which promote mother-infant bonding and cognitive development may improve developmental outcomes in children exposed to PND, reducing later risk of psychopathology.
摘要
抑郁症是最常见的围产期精神障碍，但人们对其如何影响后代的神经发育以及它如何传递跨代精神疾病风险知之甚少。本综述介绍了为评估围产期抑郁症（PND）与婴儿和儿童神经发育之间的关系而进行的影像学研究。在暴露于 PND 和焦虑症的儿童中，结构和功能连接的改变与儿童的精神障碍有关。总的来说，杏仁核和前额叶皮层之间的连接存在变化。研究表明，出生后 6 个月内海马体的生长减少，儿童的皮质厚度减少，杏仁核体积增加，而雌性后代的情况更为明显。需要进一步的研究来了解 PND 对发育的影响，以便通过促进母婴联系和认知发展的早期干预措施，改善暴露于 PND 的儿童的发育结果，降低其以后出现精神病理学的风险。
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