Framorando David, Gendolla Guido H E
University of Geneva, Switzerland.
Biol Psychol. 2019 Mar;142:62-69. doi: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.01.013. Epub 2019 Jan 28.
Based on the Implicit-Affect-Primes-Effort model (Gendolla, 2012, 2015), we tested whether warning individuals about the occurrence of affect primes during a cognitive task moderates the primes' effect on effort-related cardiac response. Participants worked on a challenging mental arithmetic task with integrated masked affect primes-very briefly flashed pictures of facial sadness vs. happiness expressions. Additionally, half of the participants were warned about the primes' appearance and their possible effect on experienced task demand; the other half of the participants was not informed about the primes. Reactivity of cardiac pre-ejection period (PEP) was stronger in the happiness-prime than in the sadness-prime condition, but only when the participants were not warned about the primes' occurrence. This effect was further moderated by gender and only significant among men. Heart rate (HR) responses showed a largely corresponding effect. The results suggest that prime-warning is a boundary condition of implicit affects' effect on effort mobilization-and that this effect applies especially to men.
基于内隐情感启动-努力模型（根多拉，2012年、2015年），我们测试了在认知任务中告知个体情感启动的发生是否会调节启动对与努力相关的心脏反应的影响。参与者进行了一项具有挑战性的心算任务，其中融入了掩蔽情感启动——非常短暂闪现的面部悲伤与快乐表情图片。此外，一半的参与者被告知启动的出现及其对所体验到的任务需求可能产生的影响；另一半参与者未被告知启动的情况。在快乐启动条件下，心脏射血前期（PEP）的反应性比悲伤启动条件下更强，但这仅在参与者未被告知启动的发生时才出现。这种效应进一步受到性别的调节，且仅在男性中显著。心率（HR）反应显示出大致相应的效应。结果表明，启动警告是内隐情感对努力动员影响的一个边界条件——并且这种效应尤其适用于男性。
