Departamento de Bioquímica, Centro de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
Departamento de Farmácia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
J Ethnopharmacol. 2019 Apr 24;234:96-105. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.01.036. Epub 2019 Jan 28.
Pilosocereus gounellei is a plant found in the Brazilian Caatinga and is popular due to its traditional uses in the treatment of inflammation. The present study was conducted to investigate the sub-acute toxicity of the saline extract from the stem of P. gounellei.
To evaluate the 28-day oral toxicity (through behavioral, biochemical, hematological, and morphological analysis) and the antipyretic activity of the extract in mice.
A single oral dose (250, 500, and 1000 mg/kg) was administered daily over 28 consecutive days to male and female mice. Body weight, food and water intake, blood biochemical and hematological parameters, and urine composition were recorded. Histopathological examinations of the liver, kidney, spleen, lungs, and heart were performed and oxidative stress in the organs was evaluated by lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and nitrite analysis. The antipyretic effect of the 500 mg/kg dose was assessed using a yeast-induced pyrexia model.
Oral administration of the extract over 28 days did not affect body weight gain, food and water consumption, body temperature, and hematological parameters in male and female mice. Blood glucose, total cholesterol, and triglyceride levels in male and female mice were reduced. Protein in the urine and histological alterations in both the liver and lungs were detected in male and female mice treated with the highest dose of the extract. SOD levels in the liver and the spleen increased significantly in both sexes, whereas lipid peroxidation decreased in the spleen of male mice. The extract also exerted an antipyretic effect after the first 60 min of the evaluation until the end of the observation duration (180 min).
The saline extract from the stem of P. gounellei did not present significant toxic effects over 28 consecutive days and demonstrated antipyretic activity when administered orally. Moreover, the results suggest that the extract has potential hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effects. Future studies are needed to investigate its pharmacological potential.
Pilosocereus gounellei 是一种生长在巴西卡廷加地区的植物，因其在治疗炎症方面的传统用途而广受欢迎。本研究旨在研究 P. gounellei 茎的盐水提取物的亚急性毒性。
评估该提取物在小鼠中的 28 天口服毒性（通过行为、生化、血液学和形态学分析）和退热活性。
雄性和雌性小鼠连续 28 天每天口服给予单次剂量（250、500 和 1000mg/kg）。记录体重、食物和水的摄入量、血液生化和血液学参数以及尿液成分。对肝脏、肾脏、脾脏、肺和心脏进行组织病理学检查，并通过脂质过氧化、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）和亚硝酸盐分析评估器官中的氧化应激。使用酵母诱导发热模型评估 500mg/kg 剂量的解热作用。
在雄性和雌性小鼠中，连续 28 天口服提取物不会影响体重增加、食物和水的消耗、体温和血液学参数。雄性和雌性小鼠的血糖、总胆固醇和甘油三酯水平降低。在雄性和雌性小鼠中，最高剂量提取物处理的小鼠尿液中的蛋白质和肝脏和肺部的组织学改变。SOD 水平在肝脏和脾脏中均显著增加，而雄性小鼠的脾脏脂质过氧化降低。提取物在评估的前 60 分钟后也表现出解热作用，直到观察结束（180 分钟）。
P. gounellei 茎的盐水提取物在连续 28 天内没有表现出显著的毒性作用，并表现出口服给药的解热活性。此外，结果表明该提取物具有潜在的降血糖和降血脂作用。需要进一步研究来探索其药理学潜力。
