Pickett J B
Department of Neurology, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29403.
Muscle Nerve. 1988 Dec;11(12):1201-5. doi: 10.1002/mus.880111203.
Botulinal toxin causes a marked reduction in the number of quanta released by autonomic and motor nerve terminals. As a result it causes blurred vision, inability to move the eyes, weakness of other cranial nerve-innervated muscles, dyspnea progressing to apnea, and generalized weakness. Electrodiagnostic findings in severe botulism can be relatively nonspecific, with low amplitude and short duration motor unit action potentials and small M wave amplitudes. A modest increment in M wave amplitude with rapid repetitive nerve stimulation may help to localize the disorder to the neuromuscular junction. Identification of the toxin in the patient's serum is diagnostic. The treatment of botulism is mainly supportive.
肉毒杆菌毒素会使自主神经和运动神经末梢释放的量子数量显著减少。因此，它会导致视力模糊、眼球运动障碍、其他由颅神经支配的肌肉无力、呼吸困难并发展为呼吸暂停，以及全身无力。严重肉毒中毒的电诊断结果可能相对不具特异性，运动单位动作电位幅度低、持续时间短，M波幅度小。快速重复神经刺激时M波幅度适度增加可能有助于将疾病定位到神经肌肉接头处。在患者血清中鉴定出毒素即可确诊。肉毒中毒的治疗主要是支持性治疗。
