Automotive Research Centre, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, 632 014, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019 Mar;26(9):8650-8664. doi: 10.1007/s11356-018-04096-9. Epub 2019 Feb 1.
Over the past years, there were dramatic improvements in identifying and assessing various feedstocks for the production of biodiesel fuels. To promote a particular feedstock as a renewable source of energy, it is important to analyze their energy, economic, and engine performance characteristics. The current work attempts to evaluate the net energy and economic indices for both fossil diesel and coconut-blended diesel (B20) considering the diesel consumption by the Indian railways. Further, we present the experimental results of a multi-cylinder diesel engine operated with neat coconut biodiesel (B100) and fossil diesel at various load and speed conditions. The engine experiments reveal that the coconut biodiesel exhibits leaner combustion and shorter ignition delay than fossil diesel. Lower amount of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon, and smoke emission is observed in the case of coconut biodiesel, with higher levels of nitric oxide (14%) and fuel consumption than diesel. The coefficient of variation in indicated mean effective pressure is within the range of better driveability zone for both the fuels at all test conditions. Overall the engine performance, emission and combustion results with neat coconut biodiesel are favorable with a penalty in NO emission at high load conditions. The techno-economical study highlights higher production cost per liter of B20 than the cost of fossil diesel. However, the net energy ratio (NER) for B20 is 1.021, favoring higher output than diesel and thus lowers the dependency on crude oil.
在过去的几年中，人们在鉴定和评估生产生物柴油燃料的各种原料方面取得了显著的进步。为了推广某种原料作为可再生能源，分析其能源、经济和发动机性能特点非常重要。目前的工作试图评估化石柴油和椰子混合柴油（B20）的净能源和经济指标，同时考虑到印度铁路的柴油消耗。此外，我们还介绍了在各种负荷和转速条件下，使用纯椰子生物柴油（B100）和化石柴油运行的多缸柴油机的实验结果。发动机实验表明，椰子生物柴油的燃烧比化石柴油更稀薄，点火延迟更短。与柴油相比，椰子生物柴油的一氧化碳、碳氢化合物和烟尘排放量较低，但氮氧化物（14%）和燃料消耗水平较高。在所有测试条件下，指示平均有效压力的变异系数都在两种燃料的良好驾驶性范围内。总的来说，使用纯椰子生物柴油的发动机性能、排放和燃烧结果是有利的，但在高负荷条件下氮氧化物排放会受到限制。技术经济研究强调，B20 的每升生产成本高于化石柴油，但 B20 的净能源比（NER）为 1.021，有利于比柴油更高的产量，从而降低对原油的依赖。
