Beneficial effects on H1N1-induced acute lung injury and structure characterization of anti-complementary acidic polysaccharides from Juniperus pingii var. wilsonii.

Juniperus pingii var. wilsonii has been traditionally used in Tibetan medicine for the treatment of inflammatory diseases. In the present study, J. pingii var. wilsonii polysaccharides (JPWP), with high content of d‑galacturonic acid, showed potent anti-complementary activity in vitro and significantly attenuated acute lung injury (ALI) induced by H1N1 influenza virus in vivo through reducing the inflammatory responses, alleviating oxidative stress and inhibiting the activation of complement. Thus, anti-complementary activity-guided fractionation of JPWP led to the isolation of an acidic homogeneous polysaccharide, JPWP-PS, whose structure was further elucidated by acid hydrolysis, PMP derivation, methylation and NMR analysis. JPWP-PS had potent anti-complementary activity with the CH value of 0.073 ± 0.009 mg/mL, and was characterized by the residues of T-Araf-(1→, →3)-Araf-(1→, →3,5)-Araf-(1→, →3)-Galp-(1→ and →4)-GalpA-(1→.