Center for International Health Research, Rhode Island Hospital, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States; Department of Pediatrics, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States; Graduate School of Urban Public Health, University of Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Health Convergence, Ewha Womans University, 52 Ewhayeodae-gil, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03760, Republic of Korea.
J Affect Disord. 2019 Apr 1;248:13-17. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.12.081. Epub 2018 Dec 25.
The relationship between breastfeeding and maternal depression in later life has not yet been investigated. We examined whether the number of breastfed infants or the period of breastfeeding influenced maternal depression in postmenopausal women.
We analyzed 1,372 parous postmenopausal women aged ≥ 50 years who had participated in the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2014. Depression was diagnosed using the Patient Health Questionnaire 9, with scores of 10 or higher indicating depression. Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the relationships between breastfeeding and postmenopausal depression.
Women with a moderate (2-3) or high (4-12) number of breastfed infants had 65% [odds ratio (OR) = 0.35, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.19-0.65] and 77% (OR = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.10-0.55) decreased risks of depression, respectively, compared to those with low numbers of infants (0-1). Women who breastfed their infants for long periods (47-432 months) had 67% (OR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.16-0.68) decreased risk of depression, compared to those who breastfed for short periods (0-23 months). The risk of depression decreased by 29% (OR = 0.71, 95% CI = 0.58-0.87) for each additional infant breastfed and by 9% (OR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.82- < 1.00) for each additional year of breastfeeding. The population-attributable fraction of depression associated with < 2 infants breastfed was 17.3% (95% CI = 14.2-20.3%), while the fraction associated with a period of breastfeeding < 24 months was not significant.
Women with more breastfed infants or longer period of breastfeeding are at decreased risk of depression in the postmenopausal period.
母乳喂养与女性晚年抑郁之间的关系尚未得到研究。我们研究了母乳喂养婴儿的数量或母乳喂养时间是否会影响绝经后妇女的抑郁。
我们分析了 2014 年参加韩国国家健康和营养检查调查的 1372 名绝经后、至少生育过一胎的女性。使用患者健康问卷 9 诊断抑郁，得分 10 或以上表示抑郁。进行逻辑回归分析，以检查母乳喂养与绝经后抑郁之间的关系。
与婴儿数量少（0-1）的女性相比，中等（2-3）或高（4-12）数量母乳喂养的女性患抑郁的风险分别降低了 65%（优势比[OR] = 0.35，95%置信区间[CI] = 0.19-0.65）和 77%（OR = 0.23，95% CI = 0.10-0.55）。母乳喂养时间长（47-432 个月）的女性患抑郁的风险降低了 67%（OR = 0.33，95% CI = 0.16-0.68），而母乳喂养时间短（0-23 个月）的女性患抑郁的风险降低了 29%（OR = 0.71，95% CI = 0.58-0.87）。每增加一个母乳喂养的婴儿，风险降低 29%（OR = 0.71，95% CI = 0.58-0.87），每增加一年母乳喂养，风险降低 9%（OR = 0.91，95% CI = 0.82-0.99）。与母乳喂养<2 个婴儿相关的抑郁人群归因分数为 17.3%（95% CI = 14.2-20.3%），而与母乳喂养时间<24 个月相关的分数不显著。
母乳喂养婴儿数量较多或母乳喂养时间较长的女性在绝经后患抑郁的风险较低。
