Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
Department of Psychology, Temple University, 1701 N. 13th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
Psychiatry Res. 2019 Mar;273:514-522. doi: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.01.067. Epub 2019 Jan 24.
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal thoughts and behavior often co-occur, representing a growing public health concern. Despite extensive research examining suicidal thoughts and behavior among those who engage in NSSI, there is a lack of research investigating factors that, when considered together, can differentiate individuals along the continuum of suicidal thoughts and behavior (no history, suicidal ideation, suicide plan, suicide attempt). This study sought to address this question using a sample of 1178 college students with NSSI history (68.70% female). Discriminant function analysis was conducted including the following predictors: NSSI characteristics, negative affect difficulties, and behavioral and demographic risk factors for suicidal thoughts and behavior. Results suggest that self-disclosure of suicidal ideation, number of lifetime NSSI methods, NSSI frequency, depressive symptoms, and age most parsimoniously differentiate study groups. Those who use a greater number of NSSI methods and acts, paired with higher depressive symptoms and repeated self-disclosure of suicidal ideation are most likely to have a suicide attempt history; decreases in these variables suggest membership within less severe groups. Furthermore, older age may be related to greater suicidality. Findings suggest that the evaluation and co-occurrence of these variables may contribute to a more accurate suicide risk assessment.
非自杀性自伤（NSSI）和自杀意念与行为常常同时发生，这是一个日益严重的公共卫生问题。尽管有大量研究调查了从事 NSSI 的人群中的自杀意念和行为，但对于可以将个体沿着自杀意念和行为连续体（无既往史、自杀意念、自杀计划、自杀未遂）区分开来的因素的研究还很缺乏。本研究使用有 NSSI 史的 1178 名大学生样本（68.70%为女性）来解决这个问题。采用判别函数分析，包括以下预测因子：NSSI 特征、消极情绪困难、自杀意念和行为的行为和人口统计学风险因素。结果表明，自杀意念的自我表露、一生 NSSI 方法的数量、NSSI 频率、抑郁症状和年龄最能区分研究组。那些使用更多 NSSI 方法和行为，伴有更高的抑郁症状和重复的自杀意念自我表露的人最有可能有自杀未遂史；这些变量的减少表明属于不太严重的组别。此外，年龄较大可能与更高的自杀倾向有关。研究结果表明，对这些变量的评估和共病可能有助于更准确地进行自杀风险评估。
