Orsolini Laura, Corona Diana, Cervelli Alessandro Leonardo, Ribuoli Enrico, Longo Giulio, Volpe Umberto
Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences/Department of Experimental and Clinical Neurosciences (DIMSC), Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy.
Front Psychiatry. 2024 May 30;15:1403038. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1403038. eCollection 2024.
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) can both precede and co-occur with suicidal attempts (SA). Underlying mechanisms/factors leading to the transition to SA in NSSI youths have been proposed (including the role of social cognition), despite they should be yet confirmed. Therefore, the study aims at exploring the role of the Theory of Mind in the differentiation of a sample of NSSI youngsters (aged 15-24) according to the presence of SA. We divided the sample into 4 groups using the Deliberate Self Harm Inventory (DSHI) and Columbia Suicide Severity Rating Scale (C-SSRS): control group (notNSSInotSA), NSSI without SA (NSSInotSA), NSSI with SA (NSSIplusSA), and SA without NSSI (SAonly). NSSIplusSA patients displayed higher Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) scores (indicative of ToM abilities) than both the NSSInotSA (p=0.0016) and SAonly groups (p=0.0198), while SAonly patients showed lower RMET scores compared to the control group (p=0.0214). Multiple regression models used to differentiate NSSInotSA and NSSIplusSA found a significant association between RMET and LOSCS-CSC (Level Of Self-Criticism Scale-Comparative Self-Criticism) (pC=0.0802, pD=0.0016, pG=0.0053). Our findings supported the hypothesis that a hypertrophic affective ToM may possibly be associated with the occurrence of SA in youth NSSI. Further larger and longitudinal studies should confirm these preliminary findings, by exploring all social cognition dimensions.
非自杀性自伤（NSSI）可能先于自杀未遂（SA）出现，也可能与之同时发生。尽管导致NSSI青少年转变为SA的潜在机制/因素（包括社会认知的作用）尚未得到证实，但已有相关研究提出。因此，本研究旨在探讨心理理论在根据SA的存在对一组NSSI青少年（15 - 24岁）进行区分中的作用。我们使用故意自伤量表（DSHI）和哥伦比亚自杀严重程度评定量表（C - SSRS）将样本分为4组：对照组（非NSSI且非SA）、无SA的NSSI组（NSSI非SA）、有SA的NSSI组（NSSI加SA）和无NSSI的SA组（仅SA）。NSSI加SA组患者在“读心术”测试（RMET）中的得分（表明心理理论能力）高于NSSI非SA组（p = 0.0016）和仅SA组（p = 0.0198），而仅SA组患者的RMET得分低于对照组（p = 0.0214）。用于区分NSSI非SA组和NSSI加SA组的多元回归模型发现，RMET与自我批评量表 - 比较性自我批评（LOSCS - CSC）之间存在显著关联（pC = 0.0802，pD = 0.0016，pG = 0.0053）。我们的研究结果支持了这样一种假设，即过度发展的情感心理理论可能与青少年NSSI中SA的发生有关。进一步的大规模纵向研究应通过探索所有社会认知维度来证实这些初步发现。
