College of Ecology and Soil & Water Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, 300 Bailongsi, Kunming 650224, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Jan 31;16(3):402. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16030402.
The potential of urban greening plants to capture particulate matter (PM) from the ambient atmosphere is contingent on interactions between the level of pollution and leaf surfaces. For this study, thirteen plant species were investigated to quantify their capacity of PM accumulation under three atmospheric environments, that is, industrial, traffic and university campus (control), in Kunming City (Southwest China). The sampled sites represented different pollution levels (that is, high pollution, slight pollution and clean air, respectively). The plant species differed in their accumulation of PM by six- to eight-fold across the three sites. was the most efficient evergreen tree species, whereas had the highest capture of PM among deciduous trees. The accumulation capacity of the same species varied with the degree of pollution. For example, , and were highly efficient for the capture of PM in the traffic and university campus areas; however, they exhibited medium accumulation in the industrial area. demonstrated an intermediate accumulation capacity in the industrial area, but was low in the traffic and university campus areas. The capturing capacity of the same genus was also different among the different levels of pollution. For example, had a 2.9⁻4.2-times higher PM accumulation than did across the three sites. There were significant differences in leaf surface area, stomata density/length, guard cell area, and trichome density/length among these species. The species-specific efficacy of PM capture was primarily contributed to by leaf size and surface roughness, stomata density, and trichome length. In particular, hairy-leaf leaves with medium stomatal density exhibited higher PM capture. Therefore, leaf micromorphology, leaf size and longevity appeared to be significant predictive factors for the accumulation of PM, which may aid in the selection of greening plant species for the remediation of pollutants in urban areas.
城市绿化植物从环境大气中捕获颗粒物（PM）的潜力取决于污染水平和叶片表面之间的相互作用。在这项研究中，调查了 13 种植物物种，以量化它们在三种大气环境（工业、交通和大学校园（对照））下积累 PM 的能力，该研究在昆明市（中国西南部）进行。采样点代表不同的污染水平（即高污染、轻度污染和清洁空气）。植物物种在三个地点的 PM 积累量相差六到八倍。 是最有效的常绿树种，而 是落叶树中捕获 PM 能力最高的树种。同一物种的积累能力随污染程度而变化。例如， 在交通和大学校园区域对 PM 的捕获效率很高；然而，在工业区的积累能力中等。 在工业区具有中等的积累能力，但在交通和大学校园区域的积累能力较低。同一属的捕获能力在不同的污染水平之间也有所不同。例如， 在三个采样点的 PM 积累量比 高 2.9-4.2 倍。这些物种之间的叶片表面积、气孔密度/长度、保卫细胞面积和毛状体密度/长度存在显著差异。PM 捕获的物种特异性功效主要归因于叶片大小和表面粗糙度、气孔密度和毛状体长度。特别是具有中等气孔密度的多毛叶具有更高的 PM 捕获能力。因此，叶片微观形态、叶片大小和寿命似乎是 PM 积累的重要预测因子，这可能有助于选择绿化植物物种来修复城市地区的污染物。
