Grisi Marco, Conley Gaurasundar Marc, Sommer Pascal, Tinembart Jacques, Boero Giovanni
École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Metrolab Technology SA, CH-1228 Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland.
Rev Sci Instrum. 2019 Jan;90(1):015001. doi: 10.1063/1.5066436.
We present the design and performance of a broad-band single-chip integrated transceiver specifically conceived for nuclear magnetic resonance magnetometry. The single-chip transceiver is realized using a standard silicon complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor integrated circuit technology. A radio-frequency (RF) transmit amplifier, a transmit/receive switch, a low noise RF receive amplifier, a quadrature (IQ)-mixer, and two intermediate frequency amplifiers are integrated on a single silicon chip of 1.8 mm. The advantages and problematic aspects with respect to conventional discrete electronic approaches are discussed. We show the results of magnetic field measurements performed at 1.4 and 7.05 T, using solid and liquid samples having volumes from 40 μl down to 100 pl. Particular attention is devoted to the comparison of the experimentally measured magnetic field standard deviation with respect to the Cramer-Rao lower bound value. With a sample of distilled water (T ≅ T ≅ 3 s, T ≅ 20 ms) having a volume of 40 μl, a standard deviation of 2.5 nT at 7.05 T (i.e., 0.5 ppb) in 1 s of averaging time is achieved, with a projected Cramer-Rao lower bond of 8 pT (i.e., 1.1 ppt).
我们展示了一款专门为核磁共振磁力测量设计的宽带单芯片集成收发器的设计与性能。该单芯片收发器采用标准的硅互补金属氧化物半导体集成电路技术实现。一个射频（RF）发射放大器、一个发射/接收开关、一个低噪声RF接收放大器、一个正交（IQ）混频器以及两个中频放大器集成在一个1.8毫米的单硅芯片上。讨论了相对于传统分立电子方法的优点和存在问题的方面。我们展示了使用体积从40微升降至100皮升的固体和液体样品在1.4和7.05特斯拉下进行磁场测量的结果。特别关注了实验测量的磁场标准偏差与克拉美罗下界值的比较。对于体积为40微升的蒸馏水样品（T₂₁ ≅ T₂₂ ≅ 3秒，T₁₂ ≅ 20毫秒），在7.05特斯拉下平均时间为1秒时实现了2.5纳特斯拉（即0.5 ppb）的标准偏差，预计克拉美罗下界为8皮特斯拉（即1.1 ppt）。
