Iram Shajeela, Fareed Syed Khurram, Chaudhary Maimoona, Nisa Iqbal Mehir Un, Ghani Rubina, Khan Taseer Ahmed, Abbas Tanveer
Department of Microbiology, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
Department of Microbiology, Baqai College of Veterinary Sciences, Baqai Medical University Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2019 Jul;51(6):1321-1327. doi: 10.1007/s11250-019-01818-0. Epub 2019 Feb 2.
Fungal toxins in feed are leading issue in poultry industry causing a detrimental effect on the performance and health of poultry. The study was carried out to determine the incidence and concentration of the aflatoxins and their major producer Aspergillus flavus in home mix layer poultry feed in respect of seasonal variation throughout the year. A total of (n = 204) home mix poultry layer feed samples were analyzed for the isolation of fungi. The isolates were initially screened through colony morphology and microscopic examination. However, aflatoxin concentration was determined by ELISA. Revealed results indicated that, the highest percentage of A. flavus was found during the months of June to August 50/54 (92.5%) followed by September to November 43/65 (66.1%), March to May 21/40 (52.5%), and December to February 18/45 (40%). As a whole, the incidence was recorded 132/204 (64.7%). Moreover, of the 132 samples, 41 (31%) were exceeded in respect of aflatoxin contamination from the legal limit (20 μg/kg) imposed by Food Drug Association (FDA). Statistically, the growth of A. flavus and aflatoxin production was found significantly different in respect of seasonal variation. As highest total viable fungal count (9.9 × 10 CFU/g) and aflatoxin level (72.27 μg/kg) were recorded during the months of June to August and lowest in December to February. Consequently, instantaneous essential control measures are demanded regarding appropriate storage and adequate drying in post-harvesting season. Along with surveillance plans and austere regulations for monitoring the aflatoxin contents for the wellbeing of consumers.
饲料中的真菌毒素是家禽行业的主要问题，对家禽的生产性能和健康产生不利影响。本研究旨在确定全年家庭混合蛋鸡饲料中黄曲霉毒素的发生率和浓度及其主要产生菌黄曲霉，并研究其季节性变化。共分析了204份家庭混合蛋鸡饲料样本以分离真菌。分离株最初通过菌落形态和显微镜检查进行筛选。然而，黄曲霉毒素浓度通过酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）测定。结果表明，黄曲霉检出率最高的月份为6月至8月，54份样本中有50份（92.5%），其次是9月至11月，65份样本中有43份（66.1%），3月至5月，40份样本中有21份（52.5%），12月至2月，45份样本中有18份（40%）。总体而言，检出率为132/204（64.7%）。此外，在这132份样本中，有41份（31%）的黄曲霉毒素污染超过了食品药品管理局（FDA）规定的法定限量（20μg/kg）。从统计学角度来看，黄曲霉的生长和黄曲霉毒素的产生在季节变化方面存在显著差异。6月至8月期间记录到的总活菌数最高（9.9×10CFU/g），黄曲霉毒素水平最高（72.27μg/kg），12月至2月最低。因此，在收获后季节需要采取即时必要的控制措施，包括适当储存和充分干燥。同时，还需要制定监测计划和严格的法规，以监测黄曲霉毒素含量，保障消费者健康。
