Gross Jessica Lynn, Perate Alison R, Elkassabany Nabil M
Wake Forest School of Medicine, Wake Forest Baptist Medical Center, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston Salem, NC 27157, USA.
Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 3401 Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Anesthesiol Clin. 2019 Mar;37(1):79-91. doi: 10.1016/j.anclin.2018.09.010. Epub 2018 Dec 19.
It is imperative to find the balance between pain control and addressing the opioid epidemic. Opioids, although effective in the acute pain management, have multiple side effects and can lead to dependence, abuse, overdose, or death. Physicians should identify patients who abuse opioids, using their states' prescription drug-monitoring programs and use screening tools to identify patients at increased risk of developing opioid dependence. Multimodal analgesic plans, incorporating regional techniques, and nonopioid medications should be employed to reduce the amount of opioids received by patients.
在疼痛控制与应对阿片类药物流行之间找到平衡势在必行。阿片类药物虽然在急性疼痛管理中有效，但有多种副作用，可能导致依赖、滥用、过量或死亡。医生应利用所在州的处方药监测项目识别滥用阿片类药物的患者，并使用筛查工具识别有阿片类药物依赖风险增加的患者。应采用多模式镇痛方案，包括区域技术和非阿片类药物，以减少患者接受的阿片类药物用量。
