Department of Epidemiology, Robert Stempel College of Public Health and Social Work, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, AHC-5 487, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, School of Integrated Science and Humanity, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8th Street, DM 430, Miami, FL 33199, USA.
Health Place. 2019 Mar;56:88-98. doi: 10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.01.001. Epub 2019 Feb 1.
There is a dearth of research exploring the moderating role of the social environment on neighborhood structural disadvantage and depressive symptoms, particularly among adolescents. Therefore, we examined if adolescent perceptions of neighborhood social cohesion and safety moderated the association between neighborhood structural disadvantage and adolescent depressive symptoms. This cross-sectional study used data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (Add Health). The study sample consisted of 12,105 adolescents enrolled in 9th-12th grades during the 1994-1995 school year across the United States (U.S.). Mixed effects multilevel modeling was used to determine if adolescent perceptions of neighborhoods moderated the relationship between neighborhood structural disadvantage and adolescent depressive symptoms. Results showed that perceived neighborhood social cohesion moderated the relationship between neighborhood structural disadvantage and adolescent depressive symptoms (p ≤ 0.001). At higher levels of perceived neighborhood social cohesion, neighborhood structural disadvantage was associated with decreased depressive symptoms. Findings suggest that improving perceived neighborhood social cohesion may decrease adolescent depressive symptoms, particularly in neighborhoods with high disadvantage. This aspect of the neighborhood social environment may serve as a target for structural and other interventions to address the growing burden of depression among adolescents.
针对邻里结构劣势与青少年抑郁症状之间的关系，鲜有研究探索社会环境的调节作用，尤其是针对青少年群体。因此，本研究旨在探讨青少年对邻里社会凝聚力和安全性的感知是否调节了邻里结构劣势与青少年抑郁症状之间的关联。本横断面研究使用了美国青少年纵向研究（Add Health）的数据。研究样本包括了在美国 1994-1995 学年 9-12 年级就读的 12105 名青少年。采用混合效应多层模型来确定青少年对邻里的感知是否调节了邻里结构劣势与青少年抑郁症状之间的关系。结果表明，感知到的邻里社会凝聚力调节了邻里结构劣势与青少年抑郁症状之间的关系（p≤0.001）。在感知到的邻里社会凝聚力较高的情况下，邻里结构劣势与抑郁症状的减少有关。研究结果表明，提高感知到的邻里社会凝聚力可能会降低青少年的抑郁症状，尤其是在处于高劣势的邻里环境中。邻里社会环境的这一方面可能成为解决青少年群体中日益增长的抑郁负担的结构和其他干预措施的目标。
