Canadian genetic healthcare professionals' attitudes towards discussing private pay options with patients.

BACKGROUND

Just as there is inconsistency with respect to coverage of genomic testing with insurance carriers, there is interprovincial discrepancy in Canada. Consequently, the option of private pay (e.g., self pay) arises, which can lead to inequities in access, particularly when patients may not be aware of this option. There are currently no published data regarding how the Canadian genetics community handles discussions of private pay options with patients. The purpose of this study was to assess the attitudes of genetic healthcare professionals (GHPs: medical geneticists, genetic counselors, and genetic nurses) practicing in Canada toward these discussions.

METHODS

An online survey was distributed to members of the Canadian College of Medical Geneticists and the Canadian Association of Genetic Counsellors to assess frequencies, rationale, and ethical considerations regarding these conversations. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics.

RESULTS

Of 144 respondents, 95% reported discussing private pay and 65% reported working in a clinic without a policy on this issue. There were geographic and practice-specific differences. The most common circumstance for these discussions was when a test was clinically indicated (e.g., but funding was denied) followed by when the patient initiated the conversation. The most frequently discussed tests included: multi-gene panels (73% of respondents), noninvasive prenatal testing (62%), and pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (58%). Although 65% felt it was ethical to discuss private pay, 35% indicated it was "sometimes" ethical.

CONCLUSION

With the increasing availability of genomic technologies, these findings inform how we practice and demonstrate the need for policy in this area.