Institute for Tropical Diseases Research, Universidad Nacional de Salta/CONICET, Alvarado 751, Oran 4530, Salta, Argentina.
Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Building 4 - Room B1-03, 4 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-0425, USA.
Infect Dis Clin North Am. 2019 Mar;33(1):135-151. doi: 10.1016/j.idc.2018.10.006.
Most of the 30 to 100 million people infected with Strongyloides stercoralis have subclinical (or asymptomatic) infections. These infections are commonly chronic and longstanding. A change in immune status can increase parasite numbers, leading to hyperinfection syndrome, dissemination, and death if unrecognized. The use of corticosteroids and HTLV-1 infection are most commonly associated with the hyperinfection syndrome. Strongyloides adult parasites reside in the small intestine and induce immune responses that are like other nematodes. Definitive diagnosis of S stercoralis infection is based on stool examinations for larvae. S stercoralis remains largely neglected.
约有 3000 万至 1 亿人感染了粪类圆线虫，其中大多数为无症状（或亚临床）感染者。这些感染通常是慢性的，且持续时间较长。免疫状态的改变会导致寄生虫数量增加，引发严重感染综合征（hyperinfection syndrome），如果得不到识别，还可能导致播散和死亡。皮质类固醇的使用和 HTLV-1 感染是与严重感染综合征最相关的两个因素。粪类圆线虫的成虫寄生在小肠中，并引发类似于其他线虫的免疫反应。粪类圆线虫感染的明确诊断基于粪便中幼虫的检查。然而，粪类圆线虫仍然在很大程度上被忽视了。
