Gou Zhe, Ruan Xiaodong, Huang Feng, Fu Xin
a State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power & Mechatronic Systems , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , China.
b College of Metrology & Measurement Engineering , China Jiliang University , Hangzhou , China.
Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin. 2019 Apr;22(5):465-474. doi: 10.1080/10255842.2018.1564820. Epub 2019 Feb 4.
By using a three-dimensional continuum model, we simulate the shape memory of a red blood cell after the remove of external forces. The purpose of this study is to illustrate the effect of membrane reference state on cell behavior during the recovery process. The reference state of an elastic element is the geometry with zero stress. Since the cell membrane is composed of cytoskeleton and lipid bilayer, both the reference states of cytoskeleton (RSC) and lipid bilayer (RSL) are considered. Results show that a non-spherical RSC can result in shape memory. The energy barrier due to non-spherical RSC is determined by the ratio of the equator length to the meridian length of the RSC. Thus different RSCs can have similar energy barrier and leading to identical recovery response. A series of simulations of more intermediate RSCs show that the recovery time scale is inversely proportional to the energy barrier. Comparing to spherical RSL, a spheroid RSL contributes to the energy barrier and recovery time. Furthermore, we observe a folding recovery due to the biconcave RSL which is different from the tank treading recovery. These results may motivate novel numerical and experimental studies to determine the exact RSC and RSL.
通过使用三维连续介质模型，我们模拟了外力去除后红细胞的形状记忆。本研究的目的是阐明膜参考状态在恢复过程中对细胞行为的影响。弹性元件的参考状态是应力为零的几何形状。由于细胞膜由细胞骨架和脂质双层组成，因此考虑了细胞骨架（RSC）和脂质双层（RSL）的参考状态。结果表明，非球形的RSC会导致形状记忆。非球形RSC产生的能垒由RSC的赤道长度与子午线长度之比决定。因此，不同的RSC可以具有相似的能垒并导致相同的恢复响应。一系列更多中间RSC的模拟表明，恢复时间尺度与能垒成反比。与球形RSL相比，椭球形RSL对能垒和恢复时间有贡献。此外，我们观察到由于双凹形RSL导致的折叠恢复，这与坦克履带式恢复不同。这些结果可能会激发新的数值和实验研究，以确定确切的RSC和RSL。
