Capei R, Pettini L, Mandò Tacconi F
Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Italy.
Ann Ig. 2019 Mar-Apr;31(2):130-139. doi: 10.7416/ai.2019.2265.
Ochratoxin A, a toxic fungal secondary metabolite, is well known as a nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic, embryotoxic, teratogenic and immunotoxic agent, classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer as "possibly carcinogenic to humans".
The aim of the study was to determine the occurrence of ochratoxin A in breakfast cereals and sweet snacks in order to estimate the dietary exposure of the Italian population, considering the widespread use of these products for all ages, and in particular for children and teenagers.
Ochratoxin A was detected by ELISA technique. The calculation of the estimated exposure was performed by a deterministic approach.
The percentages of contaminated samples tested were 8% for breakfast cereals and 51% for sweet snacks with a range of contamination from 0.5 to 2.1 ng/g. The mean estimated daily intake, depending on age categories, ranged from 2.9% to 8.6% of the latest provisional tolerable daily intake recommended by the European Food Safety Authority (17 ng/kg bw/d) calculated on the total diet. Children and teenagers result to be higher in exposure per kg body weight compared to adults.
The estimate of ochratoxin A exposure levels calculated in the study does not represent a great concern for public health because they are not associated with a significant cancer risk.
赭曲霉毒素A是一种有毒的真菌次级代谢产物，众所周知它具有肾毒性、肝毒性、胚胎毒性、致畸性和免疫毒性，被国际癌症研究机构列为“可能对人类致癌”物质。
本研究旨在确定早餐谷物和甜味零食中赭曲霉毒素A的存在情况，以便估计意大利人群的膳食暴露量，考虑到这些产品在所有年龄段，特别是儿童和青少年中的广泛使用。
采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）技术检测赭曲霉毒素A。通过确定性方法计算估计暴露量。
所检测的受污染样品百分比，早餐谷物为8%，甜味零食为51%，污染范围为0.5至2.1纳克/克。根据年龄类别计算的平均每日估计摄入量，占欧洲食品安全局建议的最新临时每日可耐受摄入量（17纳克/千克体重/天）的2.9%至8.6%，该摄入量是基于总膳食计算得出的。与成年人相比，儿童和青少年每千克体重的暴露量更高。
本研究计算得出的赭曲霉毒素A暴露水平估计值对公众健康而言并非重大担忧，因为它们与显著的癌症风险无关。
