Więckowska Magdalena, Cichon Natalia, Szelenberger Rafał, Gorniak Leslaw, Bijak Michal
Biohazard Prevention Centre, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Pomorska 141/143, 90-236 Lodz, Poland.
Cancers (Basel). 2024 Oct 14;16(20):3473. doi: 10.3390/cancers16203473.
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is widely recognized for its broad spectrum of toxic effects and is classified as a potential human carcinogen, placed in group 2B by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Its presence in food and beverages poses a significant health hazard. Extensive research has documented the efficient absorption and distribution of OTA throughout the body via the bloodstream and tissues, underscoring the associated health risk. Additionally, ongoing studies aim to clarify the link between OTA exposure and carcinogenesis. The obtained results indicate a strong correlation between OTA and renal cell carcinoma (RCC), with potential associations with other malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), gallbladder cancer (GBC), and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). OTA is implicated in oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, apoptosis, DNA damage, adduct formation, miRNA deregulation, and distributions in the cell cycle, all of which may contribute to carcinogenesis. Despite significant research efforts, the topic remains inexhaustible and requires further investigation. The obtained results do not yield definitive conclusions, potentially due to species-specific differences in the animal models used and challenges in extrapolating these results to humans. In our review, we delve deeper into the potential mechanisms underlying OTA-induced carcinogenesis and discuss existing limitations, providing directions for future research.
赭曲霉毒素A（OTA）因其广泛的毒性作用而被广泛认知，被国际癌症研究机构（IARC）归类为潜在的人类致癌物，列为2B组。它在食品和饮料中的存在对健康构成重大危害。大量研究记录了OTA通过血液循环和组织在全身的有效吸收和分布，突出了相关的健康风险。此外，正在进行的研究旨在阐明OTA暴露与致癌作用之间的联系。获得的结果表明OTA与肾细胞癌（RCC）之间存在强烈关联，与其他恶性肿瘤也可能有关联，包括肝细胞癌（HCC）、胆囊癌（GBC）和鳞状细胞癌（SCC）。OTA与氧化应激、脂质过氧化、细胞凋亡、DNA损伤、加合物形成、微小RNA失调以及细胞周期分布有关，所有这些都可能导致致癌作用。尽管进行了大量研究，但该主题仍有深入探讨的空间，需要进一步研究。获得的结果尚未得出明确结论，这可能是由于所用动物模型存在物种特异性差异以及将这些结果外推至人类存在挑战。在我们的综述中，我们更深入地探讨了OTA诱导致癌作用的潜在机制，讨论了现有局限性，并为未来研究提供了方向。
