Department of Plant Biology, Uppsala BioCenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Linnean Center for Plant Biology, Uppsala, Sweden.
Department of Biology, University of Crete, Heraklion, Greece.
J Exp Bot. 2019 Apr 12;70(7):2009-2019. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erz024.
Nitrogen (N) is a core component of fertilizers used in modern agriculture to increase yields and thus to help feed a growing global population. However, this comes at a cost to the environment, through run-off of excess N as a result of poor N-use efficiency (NUE) by crops. An obvious remedy to this problem would therefore be the improvement of NUE, which requires advancing our understanding on N homeostasis, sensing, and uptake. Proteolytic pathways are linked to N homeostasis as they recycle proteins that contain N and carbon; however, emerging data suggest that their functions extend beyond this simple recycling. Here, we highlight roles of proteolytic pathways in non-symbiotic and symbiotic N uptake and in systemic N sensing. We also offer a novel view in which we suggest that proteolytic pathways have roles in N homeostasis that differ from their accepted function in recycling.
氮（N）是现代农业中使用的肥料的核心组成部分，可提高产量，从而帮助养活不断增长的全球人口。然而，由于作物的氮利用效率（NUE）低下，导致过量的氮作为径流流失，这给环境带来了代价。解决这个问题的一个明显方法是提高 NUE，这需要提高我们对氮稳态、感应和吸收的理解。蛋白水解途径与氮稳态有关，因为它们可以回收含有氮和碳的蛋白质；然而，新出现的数据表明，它们的功能超出了这种简单的回收。在这里，我们强调蛋白水解途径在非共生和共生氮吸收以及系统氮感应中的作用。我们还提出了一种新的观点，即蛋白水解途径在氮稳态中的作用与其在回收中的公认功能不同。
