Masquelet A C, Romana M C
Service de Chirurgie Orthopédique et Réparatrice de l'Enfant, Hôpital Trousseau, Paris.
Rev Chir Orthop Reparatrice Appar Mot. 1988;74(7):669-76.
Skin flaps for coverage of skin defects in orthopaedic surgery have been more and more used in recent years. However all the authors are not in agreement concerning the pattern of vascularization of these flaps. Two problems should be studied separately: the vascularization of the skin in situ which is already rather well known and the vascularization and the pattern of vascularization of the flaps after transfer. Several models of flaps, that is axial, septal or musculo-cutaneous, are based on the origin of skin vascularization, that is by long running arteries, septal arterioles or indirectly by arteries coming from muscles. Therefore a flap must be determined by its type of vascularization, its shape and its composition. Surgical rules concerning skin incisions and deep structures approaches are recalled.
近年来，用于覆盖骨科手术皮肤缺损的皮瓣越来越多地被使用。然而，所有作者对于这些皮瓣的血管化模式并未达成一致。有两个问题应分别进行研究：原位皮肤的血管化（这已相当为人所知）以及皮瓣转移后的血管化和血管化模式。几种皮瓣模型，即轴型、间隔型或肌皮型，是基于皮肤血管化的起源，即通过长距离走行的动脉、间隔小动脉或间接通过来自肌肉的动脉。因此，一个皮瓣必须由其血管化类型、形状和组成来确定。文中回顾了有关皮肤切口和深部结构入路的手术规则。
