Amit R
Department of Pediatrics, Hadassah University Hospital, Mt. Scopus, Jerusalem, Israel.
Childs Nerv Syst. 1988 Oct;4(5):255-8. doi: 10.1007/BF00271918.
Acute confusional state (ACS) relates to a sudden alteration of the mental status. The impairment may be global or confined to a specific faculty of higher cortical function. Such specificity does not depend on the nature of the pathological process, but rather on the anatomical location of the area of the brain which is involved. In the absence of relevant medical history and associated signs and symptoms, the differential diagnosis of ACS may be difficult. Two case reports of unusual causes of ACS are presented: basilar migraine manifesting as transient global amnesia, and absence status. These are followed by a brief review of etiological causes of ACS commonly encountered in the pediatric practice, and a more detailed review of rare causes, such as non-convulsive epilepsy and migraine. A list of auxiliary tests for cases which are not readily diagnosed is presented.
急性意识模糊状态（ACS）与精神状态的突然改变有关。这种损害可能是全面性的，也可能局限于高级皮质功能的特定能力。这种特异性并不取决于病理过程的性质，而是取决于所涉及的脑区的解剖位置。在缺乏相关病史以及相关体征和症状的情况下，ACS的鉴别诊断可能会很困难。本文介绍了两例ACS不寻常病因的病例报告：表现为短暂性全面性遗忘症的基底型偏头痛和失神状态。随后简要回顾了儿科实践中常见的ACS病因，并更详细地回顾了罕见病因，如非惊厥性癫痫和偏头痛。还列出了针对不易诊断病例的辅助检查清单。
