Mazurek Łukasz, Winiarczyk Stanisław, Adaszek Łukasz
Department of Epizootiology and Clinic of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences, ul. Głęboka 30, 20-612 Lublin, Poland
Ann Parasitol. 2018;64(4):309-315. doi: 10.17420/ap6404.165.
Bartonellosis is a disease caused by Bartonella spp. microorganisms which belong to the Rickettsiales order. This disease is a zoonosis, B. henselae, whose primary reservoir is the cat, which in humans causes a cat-scratch disease. In infected cats, symptoms such as fever, lymphedema, reproduction disorders, myocarditis, rhinotracheitis, gingivitis, and arthritis may be observed. Bartonella appears to be transmitted among cats and dogs in vivo exclusively by arthropod vectors (excepting perinatal transmission), not by biting or scratching. In the absence of these vectors, the disease does not spread. On the other hand, the disease can be spread to humans by bites and scratches, and it is highly likely that it is spread by arthropod vectors as well. This review presents a potential role of ticks and fleas in the transmission of bartonellosis. Clinicians should be aware that a common illness, such as infection with Bartonella, can be transmitted by arthropod vectors, and that a history of animal scratches or bites is not necessary for disease transmission.
巴尔通体病是由属于立克次氏体目的巴尔通体属微生物引起的一种疾病。这种疾病是人畜共患病，以猫为主要宿主的亨氏巴尔通体在人类中会引发猫抓病。在受感染的猫身上，可能会观察到发热、淋巴水肿、生殖障碍、心肌炎、鼻气管炎、牙龈炎和关节炎等症状。巴尔通体似乎仅通过节肢动物媒介在猫和狗体内传播（围产期传播除外），而非通过撕咬或抓挠传播。在没有这些媒介的情况下，疾病不会传播。另一方面，该疾病可通过撕咬和抓挠传播给人类，而且很可能也通过节肢动物媒介传播。本综述介绍了蜱虫和跳蚤在巴尔通体病传播中的潜在作用。临床医生应意识到，像巴尔通体感染这样的常见疾病可通过节肢动物媒介传播，而且疾病传播并不一定需要有动物抓挠或撕咬史。
