Zhu Xiao-Juan, Li Yong-Hong, Liu Long-Qian
Department of Ophthalmology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
J Sports Med Phys Fitness. 2019 Nov;59(11):1798-1804. doi: 10.23736/S0022-4707.19.09300-9. Epub 2019 Feb 5.
Stereopsis is the most important part of depth perception, especially in athletic population. At present, there are few studies on how to comprehensively evaluate athletes' stereoscopic function and how the impairment of stereoscopic function affects sports performance.
Twenty-two professional table-tennis players from Sichuan Province Team were recruited as player group and 23 age-matched students were recruited as the controls. All subjects were measured the habitual visual acuity, best corrected visual acuity, dominant eye, retinoscopy and three stereo acuity tests. Both groups completed two motor skills tasks: Purdue Pegboard and beads threading with habitual binocular viewing and monocular viewing by covering dominant eye. In addition, the player group was asked to complete a brief questionnaire and catch balls served by the auto table-tennis machine under two viewing conditions.
The player group had better stereo acuity with median values of 60, 25 and 40 arc sec in TNO, Butterfly, and Frisby tests, respectively. There had statistically correlations between stereo acuity and two motor skills tasks. Both the two tasks were statistically significant different between binocular and monocular viewings in both groups. The player group had better performance on Purdue Pegboard task with binocular viewing (16±1.1, P=0.006) compared to the control group, while no statistical difference was found under monocular condition in beads threading task. In player group, the brief questionnaire demonstrated very negative feeling of players under monocular viewing and the number of catching balls had statistically significant difference between binocular (9.9±0.3) and monocular (6.9±1.6) viewings (P<0.001).
Stereopsis plays an important role in sports performance, the stereo tests combined with Purdue pegboard can be used to evaluate athletes' stereoscopic function comprehensively.
立体视是深度感知的最重要部分，在运动员群体中尤为如此。目前，关于如何全面评估运动员的立体视功能以及立体视功能受损如何影响运动表现的研究较少。
招募四川省队的22名职业乒乓球运动员作为运动员组，招募23名年龄匹配的学生作为对照组。对所有受试者进行了常规视力、最佳矫正视力、优势眼、验光以及三项立体视锐度测试。两组均完成两项运动技能任务：普渡木钉板测试和在常规双眼观察以及通过遮盖优势眼进行单眼观察的情况下穿珠子。此外，要求运动员组在两种观察条件下完成一份简短问卷，并接住自动乒乓球机发出的球。
运动员组的立体视锐度更好，在TNO、蝴蝶和弗里斯比测试中的中位数分别为60、25和40角秒。立体视锐度与两项运动技能任务之间存在统计学相关性。两组在双眼和单眼观察下，这两项任务均存在统计学显著差异。与对照组相比，运动员组在双眼观察下的普渡木钉板任务表现更好（16±1.1，P = 0.006），而在单眼条件下的穿珠子任务中未发现统计学差异。在运动员组中，简短问卷显示运动员在单眼观察下感觉非常负面，并且在双眼（9.9±0.3）和单眼（6.9±1.6）观察下接住球的数量存在统计学显著差异（P<0.001）。
立体视在运动表现中起重要作用，立体视测试结合普渡木钉板可用于全面评估运动员的立体视功能。
