Klochkov Anton, Kudaravalli Pujitha, Lim Yizhe, Sun Yan
Torbay Hospital
Coney Island Hospital
Alcohol use syndrome is one of the most common causes of both acute and chronic pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a necro-inflammatory disease resulting from exocrine cell destruction by infiltrating inflammatory cells. The diagnostic criteria are typically when a patient presents with characteristic symptoms, elevated lipase levels, and distinct imaging findings. Treatment is mostly supportive as there is no specific pharmacotherapy for this disease. Acute pancreatitis will either resolve with the pancreas fully regenerating, lead to transient organ failure, or progress to cause systemic inflammation and multi-organ failure. In these severe cases, treatment may require antibiotics and more invasive therapies. Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is believed to result from recurrent attacks of acute pancreatitis, leading to the development of pancreatic insufficiency, steatorrhea, diabetes, pancreatic calcification, and fibrosis. While alcohol and its by-products alone do not directly cause this disease, they can predispose the pancreas to damage from otherwise benign agents. As a result, one of the main strategies to prevent recurrent attacks involve providing alcohol (and smoking) cessation counseling and strategies to patients.
酒精使用障碍是急性和慢性胰腺炎最常见的病因之一。急性胰腺炎（AP）是一种坏死性炎症性疾病，由浸润性炎症细胞破坏外分泌细胞所致。诊断标准通常是患者出现特征性症状、脂肪酶水平升高以及明显的影像学表现。由于该疾病没有特定的药物治疗方法，治疗大多是支持性的。急性胰腺炎要么在胰腺完全再生的情况下痊愈，要么导致短暂的器官衰竭，要么进展为全身性炎症和多器官衰竭。在这些严重情况下，治疗可能需要使用抗生素和更具侵入性的疗法。慢性胰腺炎（CP）被认为是由急性胰腺炎反复发作引起的，会导致胰腺功能不全、脂肪泻、糖尿病、胰腺钙化和纤维化。虽然单独的酒精及其副产品不会直接导致这种疾病，但它们会使胰腺更容易受到原本良性因素的损害。因此，预防复发的主要策略之一是为患者提供戒酒（和戒烟）咨询及策略。
