Ogawa Marilia Marufuji, Mariano Mario, Silva Maria Regina Regis, Enokihara Milvia Maria Simões E Silva, Michalany Nilceo Schwery, Nishikaku Angela Satie, Silvestre Agenor Messias, Tomimori Jane
Department of Dermatology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
An Bras Dermatol. 2019 Jan-Feb;94(1):29-36. doi: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20197326.
Diseases caused by melanized fungi include mycetoma, chromoblastomycosis and phaeohyphomycosis. This broad clinical spectrum depends on the dynamic interactions between etiologic agent and host. The immune status of the host influences on the development of the disease, as, an exemple. phaeohyphomicosis is more frequently observed in immunocompromised patients.
Examine the histological inflammatory response induced by Fonsecaea pedrosoi in several different strains of mice (BALB/c, C57BL/6, Nude and SCID, and reconstituted Nude).
Fonsecaea pedrosoi was cultivated on agar gel and a fragment of this gel was implanted subcutaneously in the abdominal region of female adult mice. After infection has been obtained, tissue fragment was studied histopathologically.
There were significant changes across the strains, with the nodular lesion more persistent in Nude and SCID mice, whereas in immunocompetent mice the lesion progressed to ulceration and healing. The histopathological analysis showed a significant acute inflammatory reaction which consisted mainly of neutrophils in the initial phase that was subsequently followed by a tuberculoid type granuloma in immunocompetent mice.
There is no a suitable animal model for chromoblastomycosis.
The neutrophilic infiltration had an important role in the containment of infection to prevent fungal spreading, including in immunodeficient mice. The fungal elimination was dependent on T lymphocytes. The re-exposure of C57BL/6 mice to Fonsecaea pedrosoi caused a delay in resolving the infection, and appearance of muriform cells, which may indicate that re-exposure to fungi, might lead to chronicity of infection.
由暗色真菌引起的疾病包括足菌肿、着色芽生菌病和暗色丝孢霉病。这种广泛的临床谱取决于病原体与宿主之间的动态相互作用。宿主的免疫状态会影响疾病的发展，例如，暗色丝孢霉病在免疫功能低下的患者中更常见。
研究裴氏瓶霉在几种不同品系小鼠（BALB/c、C57BL/6、裸鼠和严重联合免疫缺陷小鼠以及重建的裸鼠）中诱导的组织学炎症反应。
将裴氏瓶霉接种于琼脂凝胶上，取该凝胶片段皮下植入成年雌性小鼠腹部。感染成功后，对组织切片进行组织病理学研究。
不同品系小鼠间存在显著差异，结节性病变在裸鼠和严重联合免疫缺陷小鼠中持续时间更长，而在免疫功能正常的小鼠中病变进展为溃疡并愈合。组织病理学分析显示有显著的急性炎症反应，初始阶段主要由中性粒细胞组成，随后在免疫功能正常的小鼠中出现结核样肉芽肿。
目前尚无适用于着色芽生菌病的动物模型。
中性粒细胞浸润在控制感染以防止真菌扩散中起重要作用，包括在免疫缺陷小鼠中。真菌的清除依赖于T淋巴细胞。C57BL/6小鼠再次接触裴氏瓶霉会导致感染消退延迟，并出现厚壁孢子细胞，这可能表明再次接触真菌可能导致感染慢性化。
