Kammerer S J, Burpee L L, Harmon P F
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville 32611-0680.
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Georgia Experiment Station, Griffin 30223.
Plant Dis. 2011 May;95(5):515-522. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-03-10-0204.
Seashore paspalum (Paspalum vaginatum) is a saline-tolerant, warm-season turfgrass species popular for golf course use in tropical and subtropical climates. A new variety of Waitea circinata (proposed as W. circinata var. prodigus) is described as the causal agent of basal leaf blight, a novel disease of seashore paspalum. Foliar necrosis and canopy thinning of seashore paspalum were observed on three different golf course fairways in Florida over an 18-month period. Five isolates with profuse, pink to yellow mycelia and small, salmon-colored or yellow to light-brown sclerotia were cultured from diseased turf foliage. Isolates grew rapidly over a temperature range of 25 to 35°C and were initially identified as an uncharacterized variety of W. circinata. Internal transcribed spacer sequences of rDNA from the isolates were compared with sequences from previously described W. circinata varieties. The paspalum isolates formed a phylogenetic clade that was distinct from the other W. circinata varieties. Pathogenicity was confirmed on 'SeaDwarf' and 'SeaIsle Supreme' seashore paspalum, 'Penncross' creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera), 'Senesta' bermudagrass (Cynodon dactylon), and 'Dark Horse' roughstalk bluegrass (Poa trivialis). The geographical distribution and potential impact of basal leaf blight is unknown. However, the range of potential turfgrass hosts and environmental conditions conducive for disease development suggest that the pathogen may infect other species in addition to seashore paspalum.
海滨雀稗（Paspalum vaginatum）是一种耐盐的暖季型草坪草种，在热带和亚热带气候的高尔夫球场中很受欢迎。一种新的环绕丝核菌变种（提议命名为W. circinata var. prodigus）被描述为海滨雀稗基部叶枯病的致病因子，这是一种海滨雀稗的新病害。在18个月的时间里，在佛罗里达州的三个不同高尔夫球场球道上观察到了海滨雀稗的叶片坏死和冠层变薄现象。从患病草坪叶片上培养出了五个分离株，它们具有丰富的、粉红色至黄色的菌丝体以及小的、鲑鱼色或黄色至浅棕色的菌核。分离株在25至35°C的温度范围内生长迅速，最初被鉴定为未描述过的环绕丝核菌变种。将分离株的核糖体DNA内部转录间隔区序列与先前描述的环绕丝核菌变种的序列进行了比较。雀稗分离株形成了一个与其他环绕丝核菌变种不同的系统发育分支。在“SeaDwarf”和“SeaIsle Supreme”海滨雀稗、“Penncross”匍匐翦股颖（Agrostis stolonifera）、“Senesta”狗牙根（Cynodon dactylon）以及“Dark Horse”粗茎早熟禾（Poa trivialis）上证实了其致病性。基部叶枯病的地理分布和潜在影响尚不清楚。然而，潜在的草坪草寄主范围和有利于病害发展的环境条件表明，除了海滨雀稗外，该病原菌可能还会感染其他物种。
