Walters Dale R, Havis Neil D, Paterson Linda, Taylor Jeanette, Walsh David J
Crop and Soil Systems Research Group, Scottish Agricultural College, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JG, UK.
Plant Dis. 2011 May;95(5):595-600. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-08-10-0577.
The influence of host genotype on the expression of induced resistance was examined in several cultivars of spring barley (Hordeum vulgare). Induced resistance was activated using a combination of elicitors (acibenzolar- S-methyl, β-aminobutyric acid, and cis-jasmone) shown in previous work to induce resistance effectively in barley. The barley cultivars examined were Cellar, Chalice, Decanter, Oxbridge, Tipple, Troon, and Westminster, which differed in their genetic resistance to two major pathogens of barley, Rhynchosporium secalis and Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei. Controlled-environment studies showed that, although the elicitor combination reduced levels of R. secalis in all but one cultivar, the magnitude of the reduction differed among cultivars. Similar results were obtained in field experiments in 2007, 2008, and 2009, although there was inconsistency in cultivar effects between years, with the elicitor providing disease control in some cultivars in some years and not others. Use of the elicitor combination produced no significant effect on grain yield compared with untreated plants in most cases, although significant increases in grain yield were obtained with the elicitor treatment in two cultivars in 2007 and one cultivar in 2009. Analysis of the defense-related enzyme cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase in leaf samples from the field experiment in 2007 showed that activity of the enzyme was already high prior to elicitor application, although activity was increased further in one cultivar following elicitor treatment. It is possible, therefore, that these plants were already induced. Further work is required to confirm this and to determine whether prior induction has any bearing on the variable disease control obtained from elicitors in spring barley.
在几个春大麦（Hordeum vulgare）品种中研究了宿主基因型对诱导抗性表达的影响。使用先前研究表明能在大麦中有效诱导抗性的激发子组合（烯丙苯噻唑、β-氨基丁酸和顺式茉莉酮）来激活诱导抗性。所检测的大麦品种有Cellar、Chalice、Decanter、Oxbridge、Tipple、Troon和Westminster，它们对大麦的两种主要病原菌——大麦网斑病菌（Rhynchosporium secalis）和大麦白粉病菌（Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei）的遗传抗性存在差异。控制环境研究表明，虽然激发子组合在除一个品种外的所有品种中都降低了大麦网斑病菌的水平，但降低幅度在不同品种间有所不同。2007年、2008年和2009年的田间试验也得到了类似结果，尽管不同年份品种效应存在不一致性，激发子在某些年份对某些品种能控制病害，而在其他年份则不然。在大多数情况下，与未处理植株相比，使用激发子组合对谷物产量没有显著影响，不过在2007年有两个品种以及2009年有一个品种通过激发子处理使谷物产量显著增加。对2007年田间试验叶片样本中与防御相关的肉桂醇脱氢酶进行分析表明，在施用激发子之前该酶的活性就已经很高，尽管在一个品种中激发子处理后活性进一步增加。因此，有可能这些植株已经被诱导。需要进一步开展工作来证实这一点，并确定预先诱导是否与春大麦激发子获得的可变病害控制有任何关联。
