Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Georgia, 100 Cedar Street, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
Vireo Advisors, PO Box 51368, Boston, MA, 02205, USA.
Carbohydr Polym. 2019 Apr 15;210:157-166. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.01.029. Epub 2019 Jan 11.
The mucoadhesive properties of three types of nanocellulose (CNF, CNC, and Tempo-CNF) was investigated in the digestive condition with ex vivo and in vitro assays. In the ex vivo flow-through method, three nanocellulose materials showed different levels of retention on porcine gastric and intestinal mucosal surfaces. Fluorescence microscopy confirmed that retention of CNF could be due to entanglement with the mucosal layer, while retention of Tempo-CNF could be due to instantaneous gelling on the mucosal surface. In an in vitro viscometric method, 2% CNC showed the highest viscosity synergism (relative enhancement=11.80 ± 1.14) in the gastric condition, while Tempo-CNF only displayed synergism under gelling concentrations (0.1%). Evaluation of zeta potential revealed that 0.025-0.1% CNC interacted with mucin particles by changing the surface charge of the mucin-nanocellulose system. These results indicate that nanocellulose shows mucoadhesive properties in digestive tract, where the level of adhesion depends on type of nanocellulose, its concentration and the gastrointestinal section.
三种类型的纳米纤维素（CNF、CNC 和 Tempo-CNF）的黏膜黏附特性在体外和体内条件下通过离体和体内实验进行了研究。在体外流动法中，三种纳米纤维素材料在猪胃和肠黏膜表面的保留程度不同。荧光显微镜证实 CNF 的保留可能是由于与黏膜层的缠结，而 Tempo-CNF 的保留可能是由于在黏膜表面瞬时胶凝。在体外黏度法中，2%的 CNC 在胃条件下表现出最高的黏度协同作用（相对增强=11.80±1.14），而 Tempo-CNF 仅在胶凝浓度（0.1%）下显示协同作用。Zeta 电位评估表明，0.025-0.1%的 CNC 通过改变黏蛋白-纳米纤维素系统的表面电荷与黏蛋白颗粒相互作用。这些结果表明，纳米纤维素在消化道中表现出黏膜黏附特性，黏附程度取决于纳米纤维素的类型、浓度和胃肠道部位。
