Norwegian Veterinary Institute, Kyrkjevegen 332/334, NO-4325, Sandnes, Norway; Department of Production Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, NMBU, Kyrkjevegen 332/334, NO-4325, Sandnes, Norway.
Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Nature Resource Management (MINA)/Centre for Environmental Radioactivity (CERAD) CoE, Ås, Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), P.O. Box 5003, NO-1432, Ås, Norway.
J Trace Elem Med Biol. 2019 Mar;52:176-185. doi: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2018.12.009. Epub 2018 Dec 15.
A field study in periparturient sows fed different dietary concentrations of either sodium selenite or L-selenomethionine (SeMet) was conducted to evaluate feed intake, haematological and biochemical parameters as well as to describe some key selenium (Se) species, namely selenoprotein P (SelP), selenoalbumin (SeAlb) and selenomethionine (SeMet) as well as total Se in plasma, colostrum and milk. Thirty-two sows were allotted to four treatments from 30 days (d) prepartum throughout on average a 32 d lactation period. Sodium selenite supplemented diets contained 0.40 and 0.60 mg Se/kg feed, while SeMet supplemented feed contained 0.26 and 0.43 mg Se/kg feed. Concentrations of sodium selenite and SeMet in complete feed exceeded the upper limits for total dietary Se and added organic Se, respectively, according to the European Union legislation. Blood samples were collected at initiation of the study, at farrowing and at weaning. Colostrum samples were collected at farrowing and milk samples at weaning. Se species were subjected to liquid chromatography, and total Se and Se species were determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The SeMet supplemented diets resulted in higher feed intake and in higher levels of total Se, SelP, SeAlb and SeMet in colostrum compared with sows fed sodium selenite. Similar results were obtained for levels of total Se and SeMet in milk at weaning. The higher dietary sodium selenite concentration in sows' feed did not increase the Se transfer into colostrum or milk when compared with those receiving the lower level of sodium selenite. However, the increase in serum-Zn from initiation until farrowing, observed in sows fed SeMet as well as the higher glutamate dehydrogenase activity in sodium selenite supplemented sows in this period might indicate a higher requirement of antioxidant defence in sodium selenite-supplemented sows. To our knowledge, the present data on Se species in plasma, colostrum and milk of sows represent the most complete investigation of Se in sows conducted to date. A higher amount of the above-mentioned Se species in the colostrum of sows supplemented with SeMet might strengthen the piglets' antioxidative system and passive immunity as well as improve their average daily weight gain. The higher feed intake in sows fed diets supplemented with SeMet is an interesting finding that warrants further investigation.
进行了一项围产期母猪的田间研究，这些母猪分别喂食不同膳食浓度的亚硒酸钠或 L-硒代蛋氨酸（SeMet），以评估采食量、血液学和生化学参数，并描述一些关键的硒（Se）物质，即硒蛋白 P（SelP）、硒代白蛋白（SeAlb）和硒代蛋氨酸（SeMet）以及血浆、初乳和奶中的总硒。32 头母猪从产前 30 天（d）到平均 32 天哺乳期被分配到四个处理组。亚硒酸钠补充饲料中含有 0.40 和 0.60mg Se/kg 饲料，而 SeMet 补充饲料中含有 0.26 和 0.43mg Se/kg 饲料。根据欧盟法规，全价饲料中亚硒酸钠和 SeMet 的浓度超过了总膳食 Se 和添加有机 Se 的上限。在研究开始时、分娩时和断奶时采集血液样本。在分娩时采集初乳样本，在断奶时采集奶样。使用液相色谱法对 Se 物质进行处理，并使用电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定总 Se 和 Se 物质。与喂食亚硒酸钠的母猪相比，喂食 SeMet 的母猪采食量更高，初乳中的总 Se、SelP、SeAlb 和 SeMet 水平也更高。断奶时奶中总 Se 和 SeMet 的水平也得到了类似的结果。与喂食较低水平亚硒酸钠的母猪相比，母猪饲料中较高的亚硒酸钠浓度并没有增加 Se 向初乳或奶中的转移。然而，在喂食 SeMet 的母猪中，从开始到分娩期间血清-Zn 的增加，以及在该期间补充亚硒酸钠的母猪中谷氨酸脱氢酶活性的增加，可能表明补充亚硒酸钠的母猪对抗氧化防御的需求更高。据我们所知，目前关于母猪血浆、初乳和奶中 Se 物质的研究数据是迄今为止对母猪 Se 研究最全面的一次。与喂食亚硒酸钠的母猪相比，喂食 SeMet 的母猪初乳中上述 Se 物质的含量更高，可能会增强仔猪的抗氧化系统和被动免疫力，并提高其平均日增重。喂食 SeMet 的母猪采食量增加是一个有趣的发现，值得进一步研究。
