Gonococcal infection: An unresolved problem.

Gonococcal infection is a current public health problem worldwide, being the second most prevalent bacterial sexually transmitted infection. The etiologic agent is Neisseria gonorrhoeae, a gram-negative diplococcus, and mainly causes urethritis in men. In women up to 50% of infections can be asymptomatic. N. gonorrhoeae has a great ability to develop antibiotic resistance, so the last remaining therapeutic option are extended spectrum cephalosporins. Many guides recommend dual therapy with ceftriaxone and azithromycin, but in recent years the resistance to azithromycin is also increasing, so that dual treatment is being questioned by scientific societies.