Sherwood Devon A
University of New England College of Pharmacy, 716 Stevens Avenue, Portland, ME 04103, United States.
Curr Pharm Teach Learn. 2019 Feb;11(2):198-203. doi: 10.1016/j.cptl.2018.11.001. Epub 2018 Dec 21.
Attitudes towards disclosure of a psychiatric diagnosis and directed at persons with mental illness have represented negativity and stigma. The purpose of this study was to identify stigma towards mental illness among health profession students in pharmacy, nursing, and social work programs, and identify if primary psychiatric coursework in each curriculum has an impact on students' perceptions.
Pharmacy, nursing and social work students were surveyed pre- and post-primary didactic psychiatry coursework (pre-course = 154 total; 95 pharmacy, 47 nursing, 12 social work; post-course = 128 total; 79 pharmacy, 38 nursing, and 11 social work) using the Opening Minds Scale for Health Care Providers (OMS-HC). The OMS-HC contains 12-questions evaluated on a five-point Likert scale ranging from 12 to 60 points, with lower scores indicating less stigma towards mental illness. Student results were compared to the large sample of healthcare student and provider responses used in validating the OMS-HC survey tool.
Students' pre-course mean score on the OMS-HC was 30.6 ± 5.47 (pharmacy = 30.9, nursing = 31, social work = 26.3) and post-course mean score was 31.05 ± 6.82 (pharmacy = 32.24, nursing = 29.89, social work = 26.55). These scores illustrate negative stigma among students and also are similar to existing research identifying a disparity among the healthcare professions. Coursework did not appear to improve stigma toward mental illness.
The current education of healthcare providers does not appear to change students' stigma, suggesting educational gaps requiring attention.
对精神疾病诊断披露的态度以及针对精神疾病患者的态度一直表现出消极和污名化。本研究的目的是确定药学、护理和社会工作专业的健康专业学生对精神疾病的污名化情况，并确定每个课程中的初级精神病学课程作业是否会对学生的认知产生影响。
使用医疗保健提供者开放思维量表（OMS-HC）对药学、护理和社会工作专业的学生在初级精神病学课程讲授前后进行了调查（课程前共154人；95名药学专业学生、47名护理专业学生、12名社会工作专业学生；课程后共128人；79名药学专业学生、38名护理专业学生和11名社会工作专业学生）。OMS-HC包含12个问题，采用五点李克特量表进行评估，分数范围为12至60分，分数越低表明对精神疾病的污名化程度越低。将学生的结果与用于验证OMS-HC调查工具的大量医疗保健学生和提供者的回答样本进行了比较。
学生在课程前OMS-HC的平均得分为30.6±5.47（药学专业=30.9，护理专业=31，社会工作专业=26.3），课程后的平均得分为31.05±6.82（药学专业=32.24，护理专业=29.89，社会工作专业=26.55）。这些分数表明学生中存在消极污名化现象，并且也与现有研究中确定的医疗保健专业之间的差异相似。课程作业似乎并未改善对精神疾病的污名化。
目前医疗保健提供者的教育似乎并未改变学生的污名化观念，这表明存在需要关注的教育差距。
