Environmental Science Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, University of Zanjan, Zanjan, 45371-38791, Iran.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Guilan University, University Campus, Rasht, Iran.
Environ Monit Assess. 2019 Feb 8;191(3):144. doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7261-2.
Amounts of heavy metal elements (Zn, Cd, Pb, Cu, Ni, Co, Mn, and Fe) in surficial sediments at four regions (coastline, estuaries, rivers discharging into the sea, and Gorgan Bay) along the southern coastline of the Caspian Sea were investigated in summer 2015. Collected data was applied to appraise the sediment contamination degree and the origin of pollutants based on the Geo-accumulation Index. Pollution status was assessed via the Enrichment Factor (EF) and the Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI, the Hakanson index). Heavy metal contents in sediments in mg g dw varied from 3000 to 39,500 for Fe, 166.66 to 2000 for Mn, 11 to 4198 for Zn, not detected (ND) to 822.83 for Pb, ND to 40.66 for Cd, 6.16 to 37.16 for Cu, 11.66 to 69 for Ni, and 6.33 to 33.00 for Co. Higher amounts of Cd, Pb, Cu, Mn, and Fe were determined in rivers discharging sediments into the sea. In Gorgan Bay, Zn, Ni, and Co were highest. Greater potential ecological risk levels were detected along the coastline as well as rivers discharging into the sea. Among heavy metals considered, Zn and Cd had the highest enrichment factors. The Geo-accumulation Index proved that the investigated region could be classified as Zn- and Cd-polluted area.
2015 年夏季，研究了里海南海岸沿线四个地区（海岸线、河口、入海河流和戈尔甘湾）表层沉积物中重金属元素（Zn、Cd、Pb、Cu、Ni、Co、Mn 和 Fe）的含量。根据地质累积指数，利用收集的数据评估了沉积物的污染程度和污染物的来源。通过富集因子（EF）和潜在生态风险指数（PERI，Hakanson 指数）评估了污染状况。沉积物中重金属的含量（mg/gdw）在 Fe 中为 3000 至 39500，在 Mn 中为 166.66 至 2000，在 Zn 中为 11 至 4198，在 Pb 中为未检出（ND）至 822.83，在 Cd 中为 ND 至 40.66，在 Cu 中为 6.16 至 37.16，在 Ni 中为 11.66 至 69，在 Co 中为 6.33 至 33.00。在入海河流中发现了更多的 Cd、Pb、Cu、Mn 和 Fe。在戈尔甘湾，Zn、Ni 和 Co 的含量最高。在海岸线和入海河流沿线检测到更高的潜在生态风险水平。在所考虑的重金属中，Zn 和 Cd 的富集因子最高。地质累积指数表明，研究区域可归类为 Zn 和 Cd 污染区。
