State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, School of Geography, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Xinjiekouwai Str. 19, Beijing, 100875, China.
School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Xinjiekouwai Str. 19, Beijing, 100875, China.
Environ Monit Assess. 2019 Feb 8;191(3):140. doi: 10.1007/s10661-019-7269-7.
The Ningxia-Inner Mongolia reaches of the Yellow River suffer from bank erosion problems; in order to identify the bank erosion dynamics, Real Time Kinematic Global Positioning System (RTK GPS) was applied to monitor bank morphology at three sites: Taole Cropland (TC), Maobula Shrubland (MS), and Maobula Cropland (MC). The measured data were analyzed using the Geographical Information System (GIS) to quantify the volume and amount of bank erosion. To verify the feasibility of other means quantifying bank erosion including remote sensing image interpretation and Bank-Stability and Toe-Erosion Model (BSTEM) simulation, their results were compared with the directly monitored results by RTK GPS. Results show that the bank erosion moduli at the TC, MS, and MC sites are 12,762, 6681 and 44,142 t km a respectively based on RTK GPS measurements from 2011 to 2014, with the bank erosion amount varying between flood and non-flood seasons and among different years. The bank erosion quantified by remote sensing interpretation and BSTEM simulation agreed well with results from RTK GPS measurement. The main factors that influence bank erosion on the upper reaches of the Yellow River include land use in the bank area, bank height, and bank curvature. More rational land use along the Yellow River and stabilization of the river bank are required for this area. This study shows that RTK GPS monitoring is reliable and useful for bank erosion research, which has not yet been fully exploited. There is potential of applying remote sensing and model simulation to determine bank erosion of large rivers, while they should be combined and supported by field investigated data.
黄河宁蒙段存在河岸侵蚀问题；为了明确河岸侵蚀动态，应用实时动态全球定位系统（RTK GPS）对三个地点（套乐农田 TC、毛不拉灌丛 MS 和毛不拉农田 MC）的河岸形态进行了监测。利用地理信息系统（GIS）对测量数据进行分析，以量化河岸侵蚀的体积和数量。为验证遥感图像解译和河岸稳定性及趾蚀模型（BSTEM）模拟等其他量化河岸侵蚀方法的可行性，将其结果与 RTK GPS 直接监测结果进行了比较。结果表明，基于 2011 年至 2014 年 RTK GPS 测量数据，TC、MS 和 MC 点的河岸侵蚀模数分别为 12762、6681 和 44142tkm·a，河岸侵蚀量在洪水期和非洪水期以及不同年份之间存在差异。遥感解译和 BSTEM 模拟量化的河岸侵蚀与 RTK GPS 测量结果吻合较好。黄河上游河岸侵蚀的主要影响因素包括河岸区域的土地利用、河岸高度和河岸曲率。该地区需要更加合理的河岸土地利用和河岸稳定。本研究表明，RTK GPS 监测对于河岸侵蚀研究是可靠和有用的，但尚未得到充分利用。遥感和模型模拟在确定大河的河岸侵蚀方面具有潜力，但它们应与现场调查数据相结合并得到支持。
