Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, 170 Frelinghuysen Rd, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
Materials Science and Engineering, Rutgers University, 607 Taylor Rd, Piscataway, NJ, 08854, USA.
Cardiovasc Toxicol. 2019 Aug;19(4):321-333. doi: 10.1007/s12012-019-09505-0.
Normal pregnancy outcome is accomplished, in part, by rapid and expansive physiological adaptations to the systemic circulation, the extent of which is specific to gestational day (GD) and anatomical location. Pregnancy-related hemodynamic changes in uterine placental blood flow stimulate compensatory vascular signaling and remodeling that begins early and continues throughout gestation. Exposure of the maternal environment to engineered nanomaterials (ENM) during pregnancy has been shown to impact health of the dam, fetus, and adult offspring; however, the consequences of specific temporal (gestational age) and spatial (vascular location) considerations are largely undetermined. We exposed pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats to nano-TiO aerosols at three critical periods of fetal development (GD 4, 12, and 17) to identify vascular perturbations associated with ENM exposure at these developmental milestones. Vascular reactivity of the maternal thoracic aorta, the uterine artery, the umbilical vein, and the fetal thoracic aorta were evaluated using wire myography on GD 20. While impairments were noted at each level of the maternofetal vascular tree and at each exposure day, our results indicate the greatest effects may be identified within the fetal vasculature (umbilical vein and fetal aorta), wherein effects of a single maternal inhalational exposure to nano-TiO on GD 4 modified responses to cholinergic, NO, and α-adrenergic signaling.
正常妊娠的结局部分是通过全身循环的快速和广泛的生理适应来实现的，其程度特定于妊娠天数（GD）和解剖位置。与妊娠相关的子宫胎盘血流的血液动力学变化刺激了补偿性血管信号和重塑，这种重塑始于早期，并持续整个妊娠期。在妊娠期间暴露于母体环境中的工程纳米材料（ENM）已被证明会影响母体、胎儿和成年后代的健康；然而，特定的时间（妊娠龄）和空间（血管位置）考虑的后果在很大程度上尚未确定。我们在胎儿发育的三个关键时期（GD 4、12 和 17）暴露怀孕的 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠于纳米 TiO2 气溶胶，以确定在这些发育里程碑处与 ENM 暴露相关的血管扰动。使用 GD 20 上的线描记术评估母体胸主动脉、子宫动脉、脐静脉和胎儿胸主动脉的血管反应性。虽然在母体 - 胎儿血管树的每个水平和每个暴露日都注意到了损伤，但我们的结果表明，最大的影响可能在胎儿血管内识别（脐静脉和胎儿主动脉），其中单次母体吸入暴露于 GD 4 的纳米 TiO2 对胆碱能、NO 和α-肾上腺素能信号的反应进行了修饰。
