Milligan Melissa, Berent Allyson C
The Animal Medical Center, 510 East 62nd Street, New York, NY 10065, USA.
The Animal Medical Center, 510 East 62nd Street, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2019 Mar;49(2):157-174. doi: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2018.11.004.
Nephroliths are often clinically silent. When non-obstructive and of an amenable stone type, dissolution should be attempted. When problematic, nephrolithotomy can be considered. Depending on stone type, size, and species, extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy or endoscopic nephrolithotomy are preferred techniques. Obstructive ureterolithiasis should be addressed immediately to preserve kidney function. Because of decreased morbidity and mortality and versatility for all causes, interventional techniques for kidney decompression are preferred by the authors. Proper training and expertise in these interventional techniques should be acquired before performing them on clinical patients for the best possible outcomes.
肾结石在临床上通常没有症状。当结石无梗阻且属于适宜的结石类型时，应尝试进行溶解治疗。当出现问题时，可以考虑进行肾切开取石术。根据结石类型、大小和种类，体外冲击波碎石术或内镜下肾切开取石术是首选技术。梗阻性输尿管结石应立即处理以保护肾功能。由于介入技术导致的发病率和死亡率较低且适用于所有病因，作者更倾向于采用介入技术进行肾脏减压。在对临床患者进行这些介入技术操作之前，应获得适当的培训并具备专业知识，以获得最佳治疗效果。
