National Research Centre for the Working Environment, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
Environ Int. 2019 Apr;125:515-528. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.11.011. Epub 2019 Feb 6.
The World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labour Organization (ILO) are developing a joint methodology for estimating the national and global work-related burden of disease and injury (WHO/ILO joint methodology), with contributions from a large network of experts. In this paper, we present the protocol for two systematic reviews of parameters for estimating the number of deaths and disability-adjusted life years from depression attributable to exposure to long working hours, to inform the development of the WHO/ILO joint methodology.
We aim to systematically review studies on occupational exposure to long working hours (Systematic Review 1) and systematically review and meta-analyse estimates of the effect of long working hours on depression (Systematic Review 2), applying the Navigation Guide systematic review methodology as an organizing framework, conducting both systematic reviews in tandem and in a harmonized way.
Separately for Systematic Reviews 1 and 2, we will search electronic academic databases for potentially relevant records from published and unpublished studies, including Medline, EMBASE, Web of Science, CISDOC and PsycINFO. We will also search electronic grey literature databases, Internet search engines and organizational websites; hand search reference list of previous systematic reviews and included study records; and consult additional experts.
We will include working-age (≥15 years) participants in the formal and informal economy in any WHO and/or ILO Member State, but exclude child workers (<15 years) and unpaid domestic workers. For Systematic Review 1, we will include quantitative prevalence studies of relevant levels of occupational exposure to long working hours (i.e. 35-40, 41-48, 49-54 and ≥55 h/week) stratified by country, sex, age and industrial sector or occupation, in the years 2005-2018. For Systematic Review 2, we will include randomized controlled trials, cohort studies, case-control studies and other non-randomized intervention studies with an estimate of the relative effect of relevant level(s) of long working hours on the incidence of or mortality due to depression, compared with the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (i.e. 35-40 h/week).
At least two review authors will independently screen titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria at a first stage and full texts of potentially eligible records at a second stage, followed by extraction of data from qualifying studies. At least two review authors will assess risk of bias and the quality of evidence, using the most suited tools currently available. For Systematic Review 2, if feasible, we will combine relative risks using meta-analysis. We will report results using the guidelines for accurate and transparent health estimates reporting (GATHER) for Systematic Review 1 and the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines (PRISMA) for Systematic Review 2.
CRD42018085729.
世界卫生组织（世卫组织）和国际劳工组织（劳工组织）正在与一个由大量专家组成的网络合作，制定一种联合方法来估计国家和全球与工作有关的疾病和伤害负担（世卫组织/劳工组织联合方法）。本文介绍了针对因暴露于长工时而导致的抑郁所致死亡人数和伤残调整生命年的参数进行两项系统评价的方案，以为世卫组织/劳工组织联合方法的制定提供信息。
我们旨在通过系统评价职业暴露于长工时（系统评价 1）以及系统评价和荟萃分析长工时对抑郁影响的估计值（系统评价 2），应用导航指南系统评价方法作为组织框架，同时且以协调一致的方式进行这两项系统评价。
分别针对系统评价 1 和 2，我们将从已发表和未发表的研究中，包括 Medline、EMBASE、Web of Science、CISDOC 和 PsycINFO 等电子学术数据库中搜索潜在相关记录。我们还将搜索电子灰色文献数据库、互联网搜索引擎和组织网站；手动搜索先前系统评价和纳入研究记录的参考文献列表；并咨询其他专家。
我们将包括在任何世卫组织和/或劳工组织成员国的正规和非正规经济中的工作年龄（≥15 岁）参与者，但不包括童工（<15 岁）和无薪家庭工人。对于系统评价 1，我们将包括 2005 年至 2018 年期间按国家、性别、年龄和工业部门或职业分层的与长工时相关的特定职业暴露水平（即 35-40、41-48、49-54 和≥55 小时/周）的定量流行率研究。对于系统评价 2，我们将包括随机对照试验、队列研究、病例对照研究和其他非随机干预研究，这些研究估计了与理论最低风险暴露水平（即 35-40 小时/周）相比，相关水平的长工时对抑郁的发病率或死亡率的相对影响。
至少两名综述作者将独立地在第一阶段筛选标题和摘要以确定其是否符合入选标准，在第二阶段筛选可能符合入选标准的记录的全文，然后从合格研究中提取数据。至少两名综述作者将使用当前可用的最合适工具评估偏倚风险和证据质量。对于系统评价 2，如果可行，我们将使用荟萃分析合并相对风险。我们将使用准确和透明的健康估计报告指南（GATHER）报告系统评价 1 的结果，并使用系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）报告系统评价 2 的结果。
PROSPERO 注册号：CRD42018085729。
