免疫检查点抑制剂治疗晚期皮肤鳞状细胞癌。

Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Treating Advanced Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

机构信息

Cutaneous Oncology, Stanford Cancer Institute, Stanford, CA, USA.

Department of Dermatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 450 Broadway Street, Mail Code 5334, Redwood City, CA, 94063, USA.

出版信息

Am J Clin Dermatol. 2019 Aug;20(4):477-482. doi: 10.1007/s40257-019-00426-w.

DOI:10.1007/s40257-019-00426-w

PMID:30737731

Abstract

Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC) is one of the most common human malignancies, and the incidence is increasing with time. High mutational loads, known infiltration with lymphocytes, and programmed death (PD)-ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression suggest that immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as PD-1 inhibitors, may show utility in treating CSCC, similar to response see in other solid tumor types. Recently, the robust responsiveness of CSCCs to the PD-1 inhibitor cemiplimab was revealed in the results of a combined phase I/II clinical trial, with an overall response rate of 50% and a durable response exceeding 6 months in 57% of responders. Compared to prior systemic therapies with scant data for efficacy and safety, cemiplimab is a breakthrough therapy, the first systemic drug approved for advanced CSCCs. Other immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown promise through case reports and series, and are currently in clinical development for CSCCs.

摘要

皮肤鳞状细胞癌（CSCC）是最常见的人类恶性肿瘤之一，其发病率随着时间的推移而增加。高突变负荷、已知浸润淋巴细胞和程序性死亡（PD）配体 1（PD-L1）表达表明，免疫检查点抑制剂，如 PD-1 抑制剂，可能在治疗 CSCC 方面具有实用性，与其他实体瘤类型的反应相似。最近，一项 I/II 期临床试验的结果显示，CSCC 对 PD-1 抑制剂西米普利单抗具有强大的反应性，总缓解率为 50%，57%的缓解者的持久缓解时间超过 6 个月。与之前疗效和安全性数据稀少的系统治疗方法相比，西米普利单抗是一种突破性的治疗方法，是首个获批用于晚期 CSCC 的系统药物。其他免疫检查点抑制剂通过病例报告和系列研究显示出了希望，目前正在进行 CSCC 的临床开发。