Bonmassar Claudia, Pavani Francesco, van Zoest Wieske
Center for Mind/Brain Sciences (CIMeC), University of Trento, Rovereto, Italy.
Integrative Multisensory Perception Action and Cognition team (ImpAct), Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon (CRNL), Lyon, France.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2019 Jul;81(5):1236-1252. doi: 10.3758/s13414-019-01669-9.
Gaze and arrow cues cause covert attention shifts even when they are uninformative. Nonetheless, it is unclear to what extent oculomotor behavior influences manual responses to social and nonsocial stimuli. In two experiments, we tracked the gaze of participants during the cueing task with nonpredictive gaze and arrow cues. In Experiment 1, the discrimination task was easy and eye movements were not necessary, whereas in Experiment 2 they were instrumental in identifying the target. Validity effects on manual response time (RT) were similar for the two cues in Experiment 1 and in Experiment 2, though in the presence of eye movements observers were overall slower to respond to the arrow cue compared with the gaze cue. Cue direction had an effect on saccadic performance before the discrimination was presented and throughout the duration of the trial. Furthermore, we found evidence of a distinct impact of the type of cue on diverse oculomotor components. While saccade latencies were affected by the type of cue, both before and after the target onset, saccade landing positions were not. Critically, the manual validity effect was predicted by the landing position of the initial eye movement. This work suggests that the relationship between eye movements and attention is not straightforward. In the presence of overt selection, saccade latency related to the overall speed of manual response, while eye movements landing position was closely related to manual performance in response to different cues.
注视和箭头线索即使在没有信息价值时也会引起隐蔽的注意力转移。然而，目前尚不清楚眼球运动行为在多大程度上会影响对手部对社交和非社交刺激的反应。在两项实验中，我们在使用无预测性的注视和箭头线索的提示任务中追踪了参与者的注视情况。在实验1中，辨别任务很简单，不需要眼球运动，而在实验2中，眼球运动对于识别目标很重要。在实验1和实验2中，两种线索对手部反应时间（RT）的有效性影响相似，不过在存在眼球运动的情况下，与注视线索相比，观察者对箭头线索的反应总体上更慢。在呈现辨别任务之前以及整个试验过程中，线索方向对扫视表现都有影响。此外，我们发现有证据表明线索类型对不同的眼球运动成分有明显影响。虽然扫视潜伏期在目标出现之前和之后都受到线索类型的影响，但扫视着陆位置不受影响。至关重要的是，手部有效性效应是由最初眼球运动的着陆位置预测的。这项研究表明，眼球运动和注意力之间的关系并非简单直接。在存在明显选择的情况下，扫视潜伏期与手部反应的整体速度相关，而眼球运动的着陆位置与对手部对不同线索的反应表现密切相关。
