Wang Zhen-Hua, Xu Ming, Gu Xiao-Lin, Xu Zhi, Yu Fei-Yan
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Putuo District People's Hospital, Zhoushan 316100, Zhejiang Province, China.
Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First People's Hospital of Tongxiang, Tongxiang 314500, Zhejiang Province, China.
Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi. 2019 Feb;27(1):301-305. doi: 10.7534/j.issn.1009-2137.2019.01.050.
Lymphomas are traditionally divided into Hodgkin's lymphoma and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma(NHL), the NHL is a common hematological cancer, which represents a wide spectrum of illnesses from the most indolent to the most aggressive malignancies, and the detection of related molecular targets will be needed for diagosing each subtype of NHL. Advances in understanding the pathogenesis of NHL have improved the precision of diagnosis and the prognosis evaluation of patients with this disorder, such as chromosomal translocation leading to the up-regulation of oncogene expression. Besides, the deletion of several tumor suppressor genes may cause excessive proliferation in tumor cells, and the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) determines the differences of susceptibility, drug-resistance and prognosis of NHL. In addition, DNA methylation, histone modification, non-coding RNA and other epigenetic phenomena play an increasingly important role in the diagnosis, selection of clinical drugs and evaluation of prognosis of NHL. In this review, the recent progress of researches on chromosome translocation, deletion of tumor suppression genes, gene poly-morphism and epigenetics are summarized.
淋巴瘤传统上分为霍奇金淋巴瘤和非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL），NHL是一种常见的血液系统癌症，涵盖了从最惰性到最具侵袭性的各种恶性疾病，诊断NHL的每个亚型都需要检测相关分子靶点。对NHL发病机制认识的进展提高了该疾病患者诊断的准确性和预后评估，例如染色体易位导致癌基因表达上调。此外，多个肿瘤抑制基因的缺失可能导致肿瘤细胞过度增殖，单核苷酸多态性（SNP）决定了NHL易感性、耐药性和预后的差异。此外，DNA甲基化、组蛋白修饰、非编码RNA等表观遗传现象在NHL的诊断、临床药物选择和预后评估中发挥着越来越重要的作用。在本综述中，总结了染色体易位、肿瘤抑制基因缺失、基因多态性和表观遗传学研究的最新进展。
