Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems, University of New Hampshire, Durham 03824.
Nutriad USA, Hampshire, IL 60140.
J Dairy Sci. 2019 Apr;102(4):3121-3130. doi: 10.3168/jds.2018-15525. Epub 2019 Feb 7.
The objective of this study was to determine the effect of varying levels of sodium butyrate (SB) supplementation in feed on the growth, digestibility, and health of postweaned heifers. Forty Holstein dairy heifers with a mean age of 84 d and average body weight (BW) of 100.9 ± 11.2 kg were housed in a naturally ventilated freestall barn. Heifers were blocked by birth date and randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments in a completely randomized block design: (1) 100 g of soybean meal carrier (control), (2) 0.25 g of SB/kg of BW plus carrier, (3) 0.50 g of SB/kg of BW plus carrier, and (4) 0.75 g of SB/kg of BW plus carrier. Carrier with or without SB was top-dressed and hand-mixed into a total mixed ration once daily. Heifers were fed to provide 10% orts. Initial BW, hip and withers heights, heart girth, and body length were measured before the start of the study and every week thereafter until the 14-wk trial was over. Blood samples were obtained and plasma urea nitrogen, plasma glucose, and whole-blood β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations were determined before the start of treatment and weekly thereafter until the conclusion of the study. Fecal samples were taken before treatment and every other week from each heifer for coccidia counts. Apparent total-tract nutrient digestibility was determined using acid detergent insoluble ash as an internal marker. Each heifer underwent this phase from d 47 until d 54 of the study. Sodium butyrate had a positive effect on average BW and overall BW gain. Feed efficiency tended to improve as SB supplementation increased. Coccidia counts were lowest in the treatment with 0.25 g of SB/kg of BW plus carrier. Sodium butyrate had no effects on skeletal growth or plasma urea nitrogen concentration. Blood glucose concentration decreased linearly and β-hydroxybutyrate increased linearly with increasing levels of SB supplementation. Sodium butyrate supplementation did not affect apparent total-tract nutrient digestibility. Sodium butyrate supplementation offers positive results in the growth performance and feed efficiency of postweaned heifers.
本研究旨在确定饲粮中不同水平丁酸钠（SB）添加对断奶后小母牛生长、消化和健康的影响。40 头荷斯坦奶牛小母牛，平均日龄 84 天，平均体重（BW）100.9±11.2kg，饲养在自然通风的自由站立牛舍中。小母牛按出生日期分组，采用完全随机区组设计，随机分为 4 个处理组，每个处理组 10 个重复：（1）100g 豆粕载体（对照），（2）0.25g SB/kg BW 加载体，（3）0.50g SB/kg BW 加载体，（4）0.75g SB/kg BW 加载体。载体或载体加 SB 每天顶部撒料和手工混合到全混合日粮中。小母牛自由采食，提供 10%的剩料。试验开始前和此后每周测量初始 BW、臀部和肩部高度、胸围和体长。试验开始前和此后每周测定血浆尿素氮、血糖和全血 β-羟丁酸浓度。试验开始前和此后每隔一周从小母牛粪便中采集粪便样本，用于检测球虫计数。每个小母牛从试验第 47 天到第 54 天进行全肠道养分表观消化率测定，使用酸不溶灰分作为内部标记。丁酸钠对平均 BW 和 BW 总增重有积极影响。随着 SB 补充量的增加，饲料效率有提高的趋势。在添加 0.25g SB/kg BW 的处理中，球虫计数最低。丁酸钠对骨骼生长或血浆尿素氮浓度没有影响。血糖浓度线性下降，β-羟丁酸浓度随 SB 补充水平的增加而线性增加。丁酸钠补充不影响全肠道养分表观消化率。丁酸钠补充对断奶后小母牛的生长性能和饲料效率有积极影响。
