The University of Queensland Thoracic Research Centre, The Prince Charles Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
Toxicol In Vitro. 2019 Jun;57:67-75. doi: 10.1016/j.tiv.2019.02.005. Epub 2019 Feb 7.
Diesel emissions have a high level of particulate matter which can cause inflammation and oxidative stress in the airways. A strategy to reduce diesel particulate matter and the associated adverse effects is the use of biodiesels and fuel additives. However, very little is known about the biological effects of these alternative emissions. The aim of this study is to compare the effect of biodiesel and triacetin/biodiesel emissions on primary human bronchial epithelial cells (pHBECs) compared to diesel emissions.
pHBECs were exposed to diesel, biodiesel (20%, 50% and 100% biodiesel derived from coconut oil) and triacetin/biodiesel (4% and 10% triacetin) emissions for 30 min at air-liquid interface. Cell viability (cellular metabolism, cell death, CASP3 mRNA expression and BCL2 mRNA expression), inflammation (IL-8 and IL-6 secretion), antioxidant production (HO-1 mRNA expression) and xenobiotic metabolism (CYP1a1 mRNA expression) were measured.
Biodiesel emissions (B50) reduced cell viability, and increased oxidative stress. Triacetin/biodiesel emissions (B90) decreased cell viability and increased antioxidant production, inflammation and xenobiotic metabolism. Biodiesel emissions (B100) reduced cell viability, and increased IL-8 secretion and xenobiotic metabolism.
Biodiesel substitution in diesel fuel and triacetin substitution in biodiesel can increase the adverse effects of diesel emissions of pHBECs. Further studies of the effect of these diesel fuel alternatives on pHBECs are required.
柴油机排放物含有高水平的颗粒物，可引起气道炎症和氧化应激。减少柴油机颗粒物和相关不良影响的策略是使用生物柴油和燃料添加剂。然而，人们对这些替代排放物的生物学效应知之甚少。本研究旨在比较生物柴油和三醋酸甘油酯/生物柴油排放物与柴油机排放物对原代人支气管上皮细胞（pHBEC）的影响。
将 pHBEC 暴露于柴油机、生物柴油（20%、50%和 100%来源于椰子油的生物柴油）和三醋酸甘油酯/生物柴油（4%和 10%三醋酸甘油酯）排放物中 30 分钟，处于气液界面。测量细胞活力（细胞代谢、细胞死亡、CASP3 mRNA 表达和 BCL2 mRNA 表达）、炎症（IL-8 和 IL-6 分泌）、抗氧化产物（HO-1 mRNA 表达）和外源性代谢物（CYP1a1 mRNA 表达）。
生物柴油排放物（B50）降低了细胞活力，并增加了氧化应激。三醋酸甘油酯/生物柴油排放物（B90）降低了细胞活力，并增加了抗氧化产物、炎症和外源性代谢物的产生。生物柴油排放物（B100）降低了细胞活力，增加了 IL-8 分泌和外源性代谢物的产生。
在柴油机燃料中替代生物柴油和在生物柴油中替代三醋酸甘油酯会增加柴油机排放物对 pHBEC 的不良影响。需要进一步研究这些柴油机燃料替代品对 pHBEC 的影响。
