Environmental Engineering Laboratory, Departament d'Enginyeria Quimica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Av. Països Catalans 26, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain.
Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, IISPV, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Sant Llorenç 21, 43201 Reus, Catalonia, Spain.
Environ Int. 2019 Apr;125:334-341. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.01.074. Epub 2019 Feb 7.
Since 1999, a hazardous waste incinerator (HWI) is operating in Constantí (Tarragona County, Catalonia, Spain). In 1996-1998, when the facility was being built, we started a monitoring program aimed at evaluating the impact of the emissions of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) by the HWI on the environment and the human health. This study aimed at determining the current concentrations of PCDD/Fs in breast milk samples of women living nearby the HWI and at comparing these levels and profiles with those obtained in the baseline (1996-1998) and previous surveys (2002, 2007 and 2012). Furthermore, the association between the dietary intake of PCDD/Fs and the congener profiles in breast milk was also explored. Twenty milk samples were collected from women living in Tarragona downtown and near the industrial area where the HWI is placed. The content of PCDD/Fs was analyzed by following a procedure derived from the US EPA methods 1613 and 8290A. The mean concentration of PCDD/Fs was 2.26 pg WHO-TEQ/g fat. No significant differences were found between women living in industrial and urban areas (1.67 pg vs. 2.48 pg WHO-TEQ/g fat). Interestingly, a notable significant reduction (81%) was observed with respect to the concentrations found in the baseline study. The profiles of PCDD/Fs in breast milk were similar independently on the area and period of collection, being mainly influenced by the intake of fish, meat, oils and fats. The decreasing trend of PCDD/Fs in human milk agrees with the reduction observed in the dietary intake of these pollutants. It was also concluded that the current levels of PCDD/Fs in human milk levels are not influenced by the HWI stack emissions.
自 1999 年以来，一座危险废物焚烧炉（HWI）一直在西班牙加泰罗尼亚自治区塔拉戈纳市康斯坦蒂（Constantí）运行。1996-1998 年，该设施建设期间，我们启动了一个监测项目，旨在评估 HWI 排放的多氯二苯并对二恶英和多氯二苯并呋喃（PCDD/Fs）对环境和人类健康的影响。本研究旨在确定居住在 HWI 附近的女性母乳样本中 PCDD/Fs 的当前浓度，并将这些水平和特征与基线（1996-1998 年）和之前的调查（2002 年、2007 年和 2012 年）进行比较。此外，还探讨了母乳中 PCDD/Fs 的饮食摄入与同系物特征之间的关系。从位于塔拉戈纳市中心和 HWI 所在工业区附近的妇女那里收集了 20 份母乳样本。通过遵循源自美国环保署方法 1613 和 8290A 的程序来分析 PCDD/Fs 的含量。PCDD/Fs 的平均浓度为 2.26 pg WHO-TEQ/g 脂肪。居住在工业区和城市地区的妇女之间没有发现显著差异（1.67 pg 与 2.48 pg WHO-TEQ/g 脂肪）。有趣的是，与基线研究中发现的浓度相比，观察到了显著的降低（81%）。母乳中 PCDD/Fs 的特征无论采集区域和时间如何，都相似，主要受鱼类、肉类、油和脂肪摄入的影响。母乳中 PCDD/Fs 浓度的下降趋势与这些污染物饮食摄入的减少一致。研究还得出结论，人类母乳中 PCDD/Fs 的当前水平不受 HWI 烟囱排放的影响。
