Department of Communicable Diseases, Interactive Research School for Health Affairs (IRSHA), Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed to be University), Pune, India.
Department of Pediatrics, Bharati Medical College and Research Center, Bharati Vidyapeeth (Deemed To Be University), Pune, India.
J Viral Hepat. 2019 Jun;26(6):757-760. doi: 10.1111/jvh.13074. Epub 2019 Mar 5.
The degree of transmission of hepatitis A virus (HAV) is inversely proportional to the socioeconomic status of a community. Serosurveys conducted at Pune, India during 1982-98 documented significant reduction in HAV exposure of paediatric, higher socioeconomic status (HSS) population. Anti-HAV positivity (ELISA) in age-stratified Pune population representing HSS and lower middle socioeconomic status (LMSS) (n = 1065) and infants till the age of 15 months (n = 690) was determined in 2017. Anti-HAV positivity in the LMSS population decreased significantly in 2017 while an increase was seen in the HSS category. The surprising rise in anti-HAV positivity in the HSS population reflected vaccine- and infection-induced antibodies while only infection-induced antibodies were present in the LMSS category. Lowest antibody prevalence in infants was at 12 months, the recommended age for hepatitis A vaccination. Improved hygiene and selective immunization practices impacted HAV exposure of the LMSS population. The data emphasize the need for hepatitis A vaccination irrespective of socioeconomic status.
甲型肝炎病毒 (HAV) 的传播程度与社区的社会经济地位成反比。1982 年至 1998 年在印度浦那进行的血清学调查记录了儿科人群、较高社会经济地位（HSS）人群中 HAV 暴露的显著减少。2017 年，对代表 HSS 和中下社会经济地位（LMSS）的 Pune 人群（n=1065）和 15 个月以下婴儿（n=690）进行了年龄分层的抗-HAV 阳性（ELISA）检测。2017 年，LMSS 人群的抗-HAV 阳性率显著下降，而 HSS 人群的阳性率则有所上升。HSS 人群抗-HAV 阳性率的惊人上升反映了疫苗和感染诱导的抗体，而 LMSS 人群仅存在感染诱导的抗体。婴儿的最低抗体流行率出现在 12 个月，这是推荐的甲型肝炎疫苗接种年龄。改善的卫生条件和选择性免疫接种实践影响了 LMSS 人群的 HAV 暴露。这些数据强调了无论社会经济地位如何，都需要进行甲型肝炎疫苗接种。
