Lema M, Soengas P, Velasco P, Francisco M, Cartea M E
Department of Plant Genetics, Misión Biológica de Galicia (CSIC), E-36080 Pontevedra, Spain.
Plant Dis. 2011 Mar;95(3):292-297. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-06-10-0428.
Black rot, caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, is one of the most important diseases affecting Brassica crops worldwide. Nine races have been differentiated in X. campestris pv. campestris, with races 1 and 4 being the most virulent and widespread. The objective of this work was to identify sources of resistance to races 1 and 4 of X. campestris pv. campestris in different Brassica napus crops, mainly in the underexplored pabularia group. Seventy-six accessions belonging to four B. napus groups were screened for resistance to two X. campestris pv. campestris races (1 and 4). The strain of race 1 used in this study was more virulent on the tested materials than the strain of race 4. No race-specific resistance was found to race 1. Most cultivars were susceptible except Russian kale, from the pabularia group, which showed some resistant plants and some other accessions with some partially resistant plants. High levels of race-specific resistance to race 4 were found in the pabularia group, and great variability within accessions was identified. Three improved cultivars (Ragged Jack kale, Friese Gele, and Valle del Oro) and four landraces (Russian kale, MBG-BRS0037, MBG-BRS0041, and MBG-BRS0131) showed plants with some degree of resistance to both races, which may indicate that race-nonspecific resistance is involved. These accessions could be directly used in breeding programs, either as improved cultivars or as donors of race-specific resistance to other Brassica cultivars.
由野油菜黄单胞菌野油菜致病变种引起的黑腐病，是影响全球十字花科作物的最重要病害之一。野油菜黄单胞菌野油菜致病变种已分化出9个生理小种，其中1号和4号生理小种毒性最强且分布最广。本研究的目的是在不同的甘蓝型油菜作物中，主要是在未充分研究的饲用甘蓝组中，鉴定对野油菜黄单胞菌野油菜致病变种1号和4号生理小种的抗性来源。对属于四个甘蓝型油菜组的76份材料进行了对两种野油菜黄单胞菌野油菜致病变种（1号和4号）抗性的筛选。本研究中使用的1号生理小种菌株对测试材料的毒性比4号生理小种菌株更强。未发现对1号生理小种的小种特异性抗性。除了饲用甘蓝组的俄罗斯羽衣甘蓝有一些抗性植株以及其他一些材料有部分抗性植株外，大多数品种都易感病。在饲用甘蓝组中发现了对4号生理小种的高水平小种特异性抗性，并且在材料内鉴定出了很大的变异性。三个改良品种（破布杰克羽衣甘蓝、弗里斯盖勒和瓦莱德尔奥罗）和四个地方品种（俄罗斯羽衣甘蓝、MBG-BRS0037、MBG-BRS0041和MBG-BRS0131）表现出对两个生理小种都有一定程度抗性的植株。这可能表明涉及非小种特异性抗性。这些材料可直接用于育种计划，既可以作为改良品种，也可以作为对其他十字花科品种的小种特异性抗性供体。
